MPIfR-MeerKAT银河系平面巡天I——系统设置与早期结果
The MPIfR-MeerKAT Galactic Plane survey I -- System setup and early results
AI总结：
该论文介绍了MPIfR-MeerKAT银河系平面巡天（MMGPS）的系统设置与早期成果，通过共生模式发现78颗新脉冲星，并开发了高灵敏度成像管线，为未来SKA巡天奠定基础。
摘要：
银河系平面射电巡天在增进我们对广泛天体物理现象的理解方面发挥着关键作用。使用最新的干涉测量望远镜进行此类巡天会产生大量数据速率，这要求转向全实时或准实时的数据分析，且数据仅存储处理所需的时间。我们在此介绍3000小时的马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所（MPIfR）MeerKAT银河系平面巡天（MMGPS）的概览和设置。该巡天的独特之处在于以共生模式运行，旨在实现巡天的关键科学目标，包括发现新脉冲星和瞬变源，以及研究银河系磁性、星际介质和恒星形成率。我们解释了与成像、光谱和时间域数据缩减所需的必要硬件和软件基础设施相结合的策略。迄今为止，我们已发现78颗新脉冲星，其中包括17个已确认的双星系统，其中两个是潜在的双中子星系统。我们还开发了一个成像管线，其灵敏度达到几十微央斯基量级，空间分辨率为几角秒。使用自制的S波段接收器（工作频率在1.7-3.5 GHz之间）的进一步科学操作即将开始。在S波段进行的早期光谱线调试观测，针对关键分子气体示踪剂CH在3.3 GHz的跃迁，已经展示了该仪器的光谱能力。这些结果为未来使用像平方千米阵（SKA）这样的望远镜进行巡天奠定了坚实基础。
英文摘要：
Galactic plane radio surveys play a key role in improving our understanding of a wide range of astrophysical phenomena. Performing such a survey using the latest interferometric telescopes produces large data rates necessitating a shift towards fully or quasi-real-time data analysis with data being stored for only the time required to process them. We present here the overview and setup for the 3000 hour Max-Planck-Institut fuer Radioastronomie (MPIfR) MeerKAT Galactic Plane survey (MMGPS). The survey is unique by operating in a commensal mode, addressing key science objectives of the survey including the discovery of new pulsars and transients as well as studies of Galactic magnetism, the interstellar medium and star formation rates. We explain the strategy coupled with the necessary hardware and software infrastructure needed for data reduction in the imaging, spectral and time domains. We have so far discovered 78 new pulsars including 17 confirmed binary systems of which two are potential double neutron star systems. We have also developed an imaging pipeline sensitive to the order of a few tens of micro-Jansky with a spatial resolution of a few arcseconds. Further science operations with an in-house built S-Band receiver operating between 1.7-3.5 GHz are about to commence. Early spectral line commissioning observations conducted at S-Band, targeting transitions of the key molecular gas tracer CH at 3.3 GHz already illustrate the spectroscopic capabilities of this instrument. These results lay a strong foundation for future surveys with telescopes like the Square Kilometre Array (SKA).
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