向上游思考：AI供应链中的伦理与政策机遇
Thinking Upstream: Ethics and Policy Opportunities in AI Supply Chains
AI总结：
本文以耐克供应链伦理事件和OpenAI外包内容审核争议为引，提出AI伦理政策干预需将AI作为供应链问题，结合政治经济与企业内部关系分析上游机遇。
摘要：
20世纪90年代初，有照片显示儿童在为耐克缝制跑鞋，耐克最初否认对“其供应商工厂的工作条件”负有责任，随后公众压力促使该公司为上游供应链的伦理问题承担责任。2023年，有批评称肯尼亚工人时薪不足2美元，为OpenAI的ChatGPT模型过滤创伤性内容，OpenAI对此作出回应，部分表示已将该工作外包给一家分包商，由分包商负责工人的薪酬和心理健康问题。在这篇立场论文中，我们提出，鉴于政治经济和企业内部关系如何构建AI生产，AI伦理的政策干预必须将AI视为一个供应链问题，尤其要研究上游的机遇。
英文摘要：
After children were pictured sewing its running shoes in the early 1990s, Nike at first disavowed the "working conditions in its suppliers' factories", before public pressure led them to take responsibility for ethics in their upstream supply chain. In 2023, OpenAI responded to criticism that Kenyan workers were paid less than $2 per hour to filter traumatic content from its ChatGPT model by stating in part that it had outsourced the work to a subcontractor, who managed workers' payment and mental health concerns. In this position paper, we argue that policy interventions for AI Ethics must consider AI as a supply chain problem, given how the political economy and intra-firm relations structure AI production, in particular examining opportunities upstream.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
