设计自动车辆和交通系统以实现有意义的人类控制
Designing Automated Vehicle and Traffic Systems towards Meaningful Human Control
摘要：
确保对自动驾驶汽车的操作控制并非易事，如果做不到这一点，将严重危及道路使用者的生命。必须采取综合办法，以确保所有代理人，包括驾驶员、乘客、车辆设计师和政府，都发挥各自的作用。虽然取得了进展，但问题的综合方法被忽视了，这主要可以通过考虑有意义的人类控制（MHC）来解决。在这项研究中，一个集成的系统邻近框架和操作过程设计方法，以协助开发的互联自动驾驶汽车（CAV）的考虑MHC。这些为车辆设计师和政府作为两个重要的影响利益相关者进行车辆和交通系统设计提供了更好的理解和基础。该框架包括一个系统的方法，它也认为可以通过更新的方式，MHC得到改善：无论是隐式近端更新或显式远端更新的扩展。最后通过三个案例从实践中说明了这一过程及其重要性。最后，呼吁政府和监管机构以及汽车行业采取行动，确保MHC过程明确纳入政策，法规和设计过程，以确保未来CAV的ad-vNavisphere以负责任，安全和人性化的方式进行。
英文摘要：
Ensuring operational control over automated vehicles is not trivial and failing to do so severely endangers the lives of road users. An integrated approach is necessary to ensure that all agents play their part including drivers, occupants, vehicle designers and governments. While progress is being made, a comprehensive approach to the problem is being ignored, which can be solved in the main through considering Meaningful Human Control (MHC). In this research, an Integrated System Proximity framework and Operational Process Design approach to assist the development of Connected Automated Vehicles (CAV) under the consideration of MHC are introduced. These offer a greater understanding and basis for vehicle and traffic system design by vehicle designers and governments as two important influencing stakeholders. The framework includes an extension to a system approach, which also considers ways that MHC can be improved through updating: either implicit proximal updating or explicit distal updating. The process and importance are demonstrated in three recent cases from practice. Finally, a call for action is made to government and regulatory authorities, as well as the automotive industry, to ensure that MHC processes are explicitly included in policy, regulations, and design processes to ensure future ad-vancement of CAVs in a responsible, safe and humanly agreeable fashion.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
