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arXiv 2303.04887cs.LG
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内存自适应的深度异构联邦学习

Memory-adaptive Depth-wise Heterogeneous Federated Learning

Kai Zhang, Yutong Dai, Hongyi Wang, Eric Xing, Xun Chen, Lichao Sun

AI总结:

针对联邦学习中异构设备内存差异限制模型规模与性能的问题,提出内存自适应深度学习方案FeDepth,按客户端内存预算分块顺序训练,在多个数据集上准确率显著优于现有方法。

摘要:

联邦学习是一种极具前景的范式,允许多个客户端在不共享本地数据的情况下协同训练模型。然而,联邦学习中存在异构设备(例如内存能力各异的手机和物联网设备),这会限制模型的训练规模,进而限制可训练模型的性能。解决内存限制的主流方法聚焦于宽度缩减技术,即不同客户端在本地训练宽度缩减的子网络,再由服务器聚合这些子网络。这类方法生成的全局模型会出现性能下降,原因是聚合阶段为处理各异的子网络宽度所采取的操作会带来负面影响。本文提出了一种联邦学习中的内存自适应深度学习方案FeDepth,该方案根据每个客户端的内存预算将完整模型自适应分解为多个块,并按顺序训练这些块以得到完整的推理模型。我们的方法优于现有最优方法,在CIFAR-10和CIFAR-100数据集上的top-1准确率分别提升了5%和10%以上。我们还验证了深度微调在ViT(视觉Transformer)上的有效性。研究结果凸显了内存感知技术对于面向异构设备的联邦学习的重要性,以及深度训练策略在提升全局模型性能方面的成功。

英文摘要:

Federated learning is a promising paradigm that allows multiple clients to collaboratively train a model without sharing the local data. However, the presence of heterogeneous devices in federated learning, such as mobile phones and IoT devices with varying memory capabilities, would limit the scale and hence the performance of the model could be trained. The mainstream approaches to address memory limitations focus on width-slimming techniques, where different clients train subnetworks with reduced widths locally and then the server aggregates the subnetworks. The global model produced from these methods suffers from performance degradation due to the negative impact of the actions taken to handle the varying subnetwork widths in the aggregation phase. In this paper, we introduce a memory-adaptive depth-wise learning solution in FL called FeDepth, which adaptively decomposes the full model into blocks according to the memory budgets of each client and trains blocks sequentially to obtain a full inference model. Our method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches, achieving 5% and more than 10% improvements in top-1 accuracy on CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100, respectively. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of depth-wise fine-tuning on ViT. Our findings highlight the importance of memory-aware techniques for federated learning with heterogeneous devices and the success of depth-wise training strategy in improving the global model's performance.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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