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arXiv 2303.04792quant-phcond-mat.stat-mechhep-th
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噪声量子处理器上的测量诱导纠缠与隐形传态

Measurement-induced entanglement and teleportation on a noisy quantum processor

Jesse C. Hoke, Matteo Ippoliti, Eliott Rosenberg, Dmitry Abanin, Rajeev Acharya, Trond I. Andersen, Markus Ansmann, Frank Arute, Kunal Arya, Abraham Asfaw, Juan… 展开作者

Jesse C. Hoke, Matteo Ippoliti, Eliott Rosenberg, Dmitry Abanin, Rajeev Acharya, Trond I. Andersen, Markus Ansmann, Frank Arute, Kunal Arya, Abraham Asfaw, Juan Atalaya, Joseph C. Bardin, Andreas Bengtsson, Gina Bortoli, Alexandre Bourassa, Jenna Bovaird, Leon Brill, Michael Broughton, Bob B. Buckley, David A. Buell, Tim Burger, Brian Burkett, Nicholas Bushnell, Zijun Chen, Ben Chiaro, Desmond Chik, Josh Cogan, Roberto Collins, Paul Conner, William Courtney, Alexander L. Crook, Ben Curtin, Alejandro Grajales Dau, Dripto M. Debroy, Alexander Del Toro Barba, Sean Demura, Augustin Di Paolo, Ilya K. Drozdov, Andrew Dunsworth, Daniel Eppens, Catherine Erickson, Edward Farhi, Reza Fatemi, Vinicius S. Ferreira, Leslie Flores Burgos, Ebrahim Forati, Austin G. Fowler, Brooks Foxen, William Giang, Craig Gidney, Dar Gilboa, Marissa Giustina, Raja Gosula, Jonathan A. Gross, Steve Habegger, Michael C. Hamilton, Monica Hansen, Matthew P. Harrigan, Sean D. Harrington, Paula Heu, Markus R. Hoffmann, Sabrina Hong, Trent Huang, Ashley Huff, William J. Huggins, Sergei V. Isakov, Justin Iveland, Evan Jeffrey, Cody Jones, Pavol Juhas, Dvir Kafri, Kostyantyn Kechedzhi, Tanuj Khattar, Mostafa Khezri, Mária Kieferová, Seon Kim, Alexei Kitaev, Paul V. Klimov, Andrey R. Klots, Alexander N. Korotkov, Fedor Kostritsa, John Mark Kreikebaum, David Landhuis, Pavel Laptev, Kim-Ming Lau, Lily Laws, Joonho Lee, Kenny W. Lee, Yuri D. Lensky, Brian J. Lester, Alexander T. Lill, Wayne Liu, Aditya Locharla, Orion Martin, Jarrod R. McClean, Matt McEwen, Kevin C. Miao, Amanda Mieszala, Shirin Montazeri, Alexis Morvan, Ramis Movassagh, Wojciech Mruczkiewicz, Matthew Neeley, Charles Neill, Ani Nersisyan, Michael Newman, Jiun H. Ng, Anthony Nguyen, Murray Nguyen, Murphy Yuezhen Niu, Tom E. O'Brien, Seun Omonije, Alex Opremcak, Andre Petukhov, Rebecca Potter, Leonid P. Pryadko, Chris Quintana, Charles Rocque, Nicholas C. Rubin, Negar Saei, Daniel Sank, Kannan Sankaragomathi, Kevin J. Satzinger, Henry F. Schurkus, Christopher Schuster, Michael J. Shearn, Aaron Shorter, Noah Shutty, Vlad Shvarts, Jindra Skruzny, W. Clarke Smith, Rolando D. Somma, George Sterling, Douglas Strain, Marco Szalay, Alfredo Torres, Guifre Vidal, Benjamin Villalonga, Catherine Vollgraff Heidweiller, Ted White, Bryan W. K. Woo, Cheng Xing, Z. Jamie. Yao, Ping Yeh, Juhwan Yoo, Grayson Young, Adam Zalcman, Yaxing Zhang, Ningfeng Zhu, Nicholas Zobrist, Harmut Neven, Ryan Babbush, Dave Bacon, Sergio Boixo, Jeremy Hilton, Erik Lucero, Anthony Megrant, Julian Kelly, Yu Chen, Vadim Smelyanskiy, Xiao Mi, Vedika Khemani, Pedram Roushan

AI总结:

本研究解决了噪声等实验挑战,在多达70个超导量子比特上利用对偶映射避免中途测量,统一探究了测量诱导的量子信息相变与隐形传态,并将硬件噪声敏感性转化为有用的诊断工具。

摘要:

测量在量子理论中具有特殊作用:通过坍缩波函数,它能够实现诸如隐形传态等现象,从而改变限制幺正演化的“时间箭头”。当被整合到多体动力学中时,测量可以在时空中导致超越现有范式(无论是否处于平衡态)的量子信息涌现模式。在当今的 NISQ 处理器上,由于噪声、硬件限制和量子测量的随机性,实验实现这种物理现象具有挑战性。在这里,我们解决了这些实验挑战,并在多达 70 个超导量子比特上研究了测量诱导的量子信息相。通过利用空间和时间的可互换性,我们使用对偶映射来避免中途线路测量,并以统一的方式访问底层相的不同表现形式——从纠缠标度到测量诱导的隐形传态。我们使用一种将实验测量记录与经典模拟数据相关联的解码协议,获得了相变的有限尺寸特征。这些相对噪声表现出截然不同的敏感性,我们利用这一点将固有的硬件限制转化为有用的诊断工具。我们的工作展示了一种在当前 NISQ 处理器极限规模上实现测量诱导物理现象的方法。

英文摘要:

Measurement has a special role in quantum theory: by collapsing the wavefunction it can enable phenomena such as teleportation and thereby alter the "arrow of time" that constrains unitary evolution. When integrated in many-body dynamics, measurements can lead to emergent patterns of quantum information in space-time that go beyond established paradigms for characterizing phases, either in or out of equilibrium. On present-day NISQ processors, the experimental realization of this physics is challenging due to noise, hardware limitations, and the stochastic nature of quantum measurement. Here we address each of these experimental challenges and investigate measurement-induced quantum information phases on up to 70 superconducting qubits. By leveraging the interchangeability of space and time, we use a duality mapping, to avoid mid-circuit measurement and access different manifestations of the underlying phases -- from entanglement scaling to measurement-induced teleportation -- in a unified way. We obtain finite-size signatures of a phase transition with a decoding protocol that correlates the experimental measurement record with classical simulation data. The phases display sharply different sensitivity to noise, which we exploit to turn an inherent hardware limitation into a useful diagnostic. Our work demonstrates an approach to realize measurement-induced physics at scales that are at the limits of current NISQ processors.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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