利用毛细作用和电场改进涂有液氦的超冷中子阱
Improving of ultracold neutron traps coated with liquid helium using capillarity and electric field
AI总结：
针对粗糙侧壁涂覆液态⁴He的超冷中子阱边缘氦膜不足的问题，提出施加电压增厚氦膜以提升存储时间的方案，还估算了所需电场参数及电场对表面波量子色散的影响。
摘要：
为延长超冷中子（UCN）在材料阱内的存储时间，用完全不吸收中子的液态⁴He覆盖阱壁是极具前景的方案。UCN阱的粗糙侧壁可通过毛细效应保持所需量的⁴He，但壁面粗糙度的凸起边缘仍无法得到充分涂覆。本文提出向UCN阱的这类粗糙侧壁施加电压，以增加壁面边缘处的液氦厚度，使整个壁面都被足够厚的氦膜覆盖，从而完全避免UCN被阱壁吸收。文中估算了几种可行UCN阱设计所需的电场强度和电压值。这一改进有望催生新一代存储时间极长的超冷中子阱。此外，本文还估算了该电场对ripplon（表面波量子）色散的影响，而ripplon是低温下UCN非弹性散射的主要贡献来源。
英文摘要：
To increase the storage time of ultracold neutrons (UCN) inside the material traps it is promising to cover the trap walls by liquid 4He, the material which does not absorb neutrons at all. A rough side wall of UCN trap holds the required amount of 4He by the capillary effects, but the edges of wall roughness remain insufficiently coated. Here we propose to apply an electric voltage to these rough side walls of UCN traps to increases the thickness of liquid He on the wall edges and to cover the entire wall surface by sufficiently thick helium films. This completely protects UCN from being absorbed inside the trap walls. We estimate the required electric field and voltage for several possible designs of UCN traps. This improvement may give rise to a new generation of ultracold neutron traps with very long storage time. We also estimate the influence of this electric field on the dispersion of ripplons - the quanta surface waves, which give the main contribution to the inelastic UCN scattering at low temperature.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
