绘制斯格明子自由能景观
Charting the Skyrmion Free-Energy Landscape
AI总结：
本文用 Monte Carlo 模拟计算手性磁体共存相的相对自由能与拓扑相能垒，并预测外参数路径下的相变演化。
摘要：
具有 Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya 相互作用的手性磁体具有丰富的相图，包含多种热力学相。这些相包括螺旋与锥形自旋排列，以及诸如（反）斯格明子等带拓扑荷的对象。关键在于，由于磁滞效应，热力学相可以在任意给定温度和外磁场下共存，通常会导致例如材料拓扑相的亚稳态。在本工作中，我们使用 Monte Carlo 模拟研究这些效应。我们计算共存状态的相对自由能，从而能够在所有外参数取值下确定基态。我们还引入一种估计激活能的方法，即分隔拓扑相与基态的能垒高度。这是确定斯格明子寿命的关键要素之一，而斯格明子寿命与技术应用相关。最后，我们给出预测系统在外参数空间中沿任意路径演化的方案。这可作为在实验装置中将磁性材料制备到任意所需相、甚至触发相变的指导。
英文摘要：
Chiral magnets with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions feature a rich phase diagram with a variety of thermodynamical phases. These include helical and conical spin arrangements and topologically charged objects such as (anti)skyrmions. Crucially, due to hysteresis effects, the thermodynamical phases can co-exist at any given temperature and external magnetic field, typically leading to metastability of, e.g., the material's topological phase. In this work, we use Monte Carlo simulations to study these effects. We compute the relative free energies of co-existing states, enabling us to determine the ground state at all values of the external parameters. We also introduce a method to estimate the activation energy, i.e. the height of the energy barrier that separates the topological phase from the ground state. This is one of the key ingredients for the determination of the skyrmion lifetime, which is relevant for technological applications. Finally, we prescribe predicting the system's evolution through any path in the space of external parameters. This can serve as a guideline to prepare the magnetic material in any desired phase or even trigger a phase transition in an experimental setup.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
