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MixPHM:面向低资源视觉问答的冗余感知参数高效微调

MixPHM: Redundancy-Aware Parameter-Efficient Tuning for Low-Resource Visual Question Answering

Xi’an Jiaotong University(西安交通大学);Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics(人工智能与机器人研究所)

Jingjing Jiang, Nanning Zheng

AI总结:

本文提出冗余感知参数高效微调方法 MixPHM,通过 PHM 混合专家、低秩重参数化、权重共享与冗余正则化,在低资源 VQA 上持续超过全量微调和现有 PEFT 方法。

摘要:

近年来,微调预训练视觉-语言模型(VLM)已成为在视觉问答(VQA)中取得最先进性能的主流范式。然而,随着 VLM 规模扩大,在低资源场景下为给定任务微调全部模型参数会带来高昂的计算开销、低效的存储,并容易过拟合。现有参数高效微调方法虽大幅减少了可训练参数数量,但其性能与全量微调之间仍存在显著差距。本文提出 MixPHM,这是一种冗余感知的参数高效微调方法,在低资源 VQA 中性能优于全量微调。具体而言,MixPHM 是一个以混合专家方式实现的轻量模块,由多个 PHM 专家构成。为降低参数冗余,MixPHM 在低秩子空间中对专家权重进行重参数化,并在专家内部及专家之间共享部分权重。此外,基于对适配器的定量冗余分析,我们提出冗余正则化,以减少与任务无关的冗余,同时增强 MixPHM 表示中与任务相关的关联。在 VQA v2、GQA 和 OK-VQA 上进行的实验表明,MixPHM 优于最先进的参数高效方法,并且是唯一持续超过全量微调的方法。

英文摘要:

Recently, finetuning pretrained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has been a prevailing paradigm for achieving state-of-the-art performance in Visual Question Answering (VQA). However, as VLMs scale, finetuning full model parameters for a given task in low-resource settings becomes computationally expensive, storage inefficient, and prone to overfitting. Current parameter-efficient tuning methods dramatically reduce the number of tunable parameters, but there still exists a significant performance gap with full finetuning. In this paper, we propose MixPHM, a redundancy-aware parameter-efficient tuning method that outperforms full finetuning in low-resource VQA. Specifically, MixPHM is a lightweight module implemented by multiple PHM-experts in a mixture-of-experts manner. To reduce parameter redundancy, MixPHM reparameterizes expert weights in a low-rank subspace and shares part of the weights inside and across experts. Moreover, based on a quantitative redundancy analysis for adapters, we propose Redundancy Regularization to reduce task-irrelevant redundancy while promoting task-relevant correlation in MixPHM representations. Experiments conducted on VQA v2, GQA, and OK-VQA demonstrate that MixPHM outperforms state-of-the-art parameter-efficient methods and is the only one consistently surpassing full finetuning.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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