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arXiv 2303.00643physics.plasm-phphysics.space-ph
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快速磁声波湍流与Iroshnikov-Kraichnan谱

Fast magneto-acoustic wave turbulence and the Iroshnikov-Kraichnan spectrum

Sebastien Galtier

AI总结:

本文在小β极限下建立仅含快速磁声波的可压缩磁流体波湍流解析理论,推导出k^{-3/2}能量谱,为太阳风中观测到的IK谱提供严格理论解释。

摘要:

本文针对小β极限下的纯可压缩磁流体力学,发展了一种波湍流的解析理论。与以往未提及多尺度方法且包含慢磁声波的工作不同,本文仅提出一种针对快速磁声波的理论,在三维情形下可得到渐近闭合。我引入了可压缩Elsasser场(正则变量),并展示了它们与质量密度和可压缩速度之间的线性关系。推导了三波相互作用的波湍流动理学方程,并详细证明了能量和动量(交叉螺旋度)这两个不变量的守恒。精确的稳态解(Kolmogorov-Zakharov谱)仅对能量存在。我发现了一个k^{-3/2}能量谱,与Iroshnikov-Kraichnan(IK)唯象预言一致;这导致质量密度谱具有相同的标度关系。尽管存在相对较强的均匀磁场,这种湍流的能量谱幂指数与角度方向无关;但其振幅表现出角度依赖性。我利用局域性条件证明了IK解的存在性,表明能量通量为正,因此级联是正向的,并求出了Kolmogorov常数。该理论为近期在小β太阳风中的观测提供了一个合理的解释,这些观测发现了与快速磁声波相关的-3/2幂律指数的各向同性谱。该理论也可用于解释常在太阳附近观测到的IK谱。此外,它为著名的唯象IK谱提供了严格的理论基础,该谱与声波湍流的Zakharov-Sagdeev谱一致。

英文摘要:

An analytical theory of wave turbulence is developed for pure compressible magnetohydrodynamics in the small $β$ limit. In contrast to previous works where the multiple scale method was not mentioned and slow magneto-acoustic waves were included, I present here a theory for fast magneto-acoustic waves only for which an asymptotic closure is possible in three dimensions. I introduce the compressible Elsasser fields (canonical variables) and show their linear relationship with the mass density and the compressible velocity. The kinetic equations of wave turbulence for three-wave interactions are obtained and the detailed conservation is shown for the two invariants, energy and momentum (cross-helicity). An exact stationary solution (Kolmogorov-Zakharov spectrum) exists only for the energy. I find a $k^{-3/2}$ energy spectrum compatible with the Iroshnikov-Kraichnan (IK) phenomenological prediction; this leads to a mass density spectrum with the same scaling. Despite the presence of a relatively strong uniform magnetic field, this turbulence is characterized by an energy spectrum with a power index that is independent of the angular direction; its amplitude, however, shows an angular dependence. I prove the existence of the IK solution using the locality condition, show that the energy flux is positive and hence the cascade direct, and find the Kolmogorov constant. This theory offers a plausible explanation for recent observations in the solar wind at small $β$ where isotropic spectra with a $-3/2$ power law index are found and associated with fast magneto-acoustic waves. This theory may also be used to explain the IK spectrum often observed near the Sun. Besides, it provides a rigorous theoretical basis for the well-known phenomenological IK spectrum, which coincides with the Zakharov-Sagdeev spectrum for acoustic wave turbulence.

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