几何相位驱动的约瑟夫森结：寻找自旋超流性的可能实验方案
Geometric phase driven Josephson junction: Possible experimental scheme for the search of spin superfluidity
AI总结：
本文提出利用旋转磁场在弱耦合自旋-1玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体约瑟夫森结中产生几何相位差，从而驱动振荡自旋流，为实验寻找自旋超流性提供了可行方案。
摘要：
我们利用Gross-Pitaevskii方程研究两个弱耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体之间的约瑟夫森隧穿，这两个凝聚体由自旋-1玻色子组成。我们表明，一侧的旋转磁场可以在结两端产生相位差，从而产生振荡的隧穿自旋流。除数值计算外，我们在两种极端情况下推导了解析结果，即低频和高频极限：在低频极限（磁场绝热旋转）下，非阿贝尔几何相位出现并导致振荡自旋流。形成鲜明对比的是，高频极限下的物理本质不同，其中平均塞曼能量差导致振荡自旋流。所提出的装置对于未来自旋超流性的实验探索应具有前景。
英文摘要：
We use the Gross-Pitaevskii equation to study Josephson tunneling between two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates, which compose spin-1 bosons. We show that a rotating magnetic field on one side can produce a phase difference across the junction, resulting in an oscillatory tunneling spin current. Besides numerical calculation, we derive analytical results in two extreme cases, namely the low- and high-frequency limits: in the low-frequency limit (magnetic field rotates adiabatically), a non-Abelian geometric phase arises and leads to the oscillatory spin current. By sharp contrast, the physics is intrinsically different in the high-frequency limit, where an average Zeeman energy difference leads to an oscillatory spin current. This proposed apparatus should be promising for the future experimental search of spin superfluidity.
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