GRBAlpha：最小的天体物理空间观测站-第1部分：探测器设计、系统描述和卫星操作
GRBAlpha: the smallest astrophysical space observatory -- Part 1: Detector design, system description and satellite operations
摘要：
目的。自2021年3月22日发射以来，1U大小的CubeSat GRBAlpha运行并收集有关高能瞬变的科学数据，使其成为迄今为止最小的天体物理空间天文台。GRBAlpha是一个伽马射线暴（GRB）探测器概念的在位演示，该探测器的体积非常小，可以放入标准的1U体积中。正如在一篇配套论文中所证明的那样，GRBAlpha为科学界提供了重要的价值，准确描述了明亮的GRB，包括最近的GRB 221009 A事件。方法.伽玛射线暴探测器是一个75 x75 x5 mm CsI（Tl）闪烁体，包裹在一个反射箔（ESR）中，由SiPM探测器阵列读取，Hamamatsu的多像素光子计数器，由两个独立的冗余单元驱动。为了进一步保护闪烁体块免受阳光照射并保护SiPM探测器免受粒子辐射，我们在组件的一个边缘上应用了Tedlar包装、阳极氧化铝外壳和铅合金屏蔽的多层结构。该装置允许在70-890 keV的能量范围内观测伽马辐射，能量分辨率为~ 30%。结果在这里，我们总结了GRBAlpha任务的系统设计，包括探测器的电子和软件组件，平台的一些方面以及当前的半自主操作方式。此外，还详细介绍了原始数据产品和遥测技术，以鼓励社区扩大接收器网络，以支持我们的GRBAlpha计划和相关实验。
英文摘要：
Aims. Since launched on 2021 March 22, the 1U-sized CubeSat GRBAlpha operates and collects scientific data on high-energy transients, making it the smallest astrophysical space observatory to date. GRBAlpha is an in-obit demonstration of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) detector concept suitably small to fit into a standard 1U volume. As it was demonstrated in a companion paper, GRBAlpha adds significant value to the scientific community with accurate characterization of bright GRBs, including the recent outstanding event of GRB 221009A. Methods. The GRB detector is a 75x75x5 mm CsI(Tl) scintillator wrapped in a reflective foil (ESR) read out by an array of SiPM detectors, multi-pixel photon counters by Hamamatsu, driven by two separate, redundant units. To further protect the scintillator block from sunlight and protect the SiPM detectors from particle radiation, we apply a multi-layer structure of Tedlar wrapping, anodized aluminium casing and a lead-alloy shielding on one edge of the assembly. The setup allows observations of gamma radiation within the energy range of 70-890 keV with an energy resolution of ~30%. Results. Here, we summarize the system design of the GRBAlpha mission, including the electronics and software components of the detector, some aspects of the platform as well as the current way of semi-autonomous operations. In addition, details are given about the raw data products and telemetry in order to encourage the community for expansion of the receiver network for our initiatives with GRBAlpha and related experiments.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
