了解AI决策支持工具的使用如何影响坦桑尼亚药物分配员的批判性思维和对技术的过度依赖
Understanding how the use of AI decision support tools affect critical thinking and over-reliance on technology by drug dispensers in Tanzania
摘要：
人工智能在医疗保健中的使用旨在改善医疗服务，并增强提供者的决策，以改善患者的治疗效果。当部署在临床环境中时，提供者和人工智能之间的交互是衡量和理解这些数字化工具对更广泛健康结果的有效性的关键组成部分。即使在人工智能算法具有高诊断准确性的情况下，医疗保健提供者通常仍然依赖他们的经验，有时甚至是直觉来做出最终决定。其他时候，供应商毫无疑问地依赖于人工智能模型的输出，这导致了对技术过度依赖的担忧。这项研究的目的是了解药店配药员在确定临床病例的鉴别诊断时对人工智能技术的依赖程度。我们探讨了药物分配器如何应对总是正确的技术，试图衡量他们是否开始依赖它，而没有任何自己的批判性思维。我们发现，分配器在25%的时间里依赖于AI做出的决定，即使AI没有解释它的决定。
英文摘要：
The use of AI in healthcare is designed to improve care delivery and augment the decisions of providers to enhance patient outcomes. When deployed in clinical settings, the interaction between providers and AI is a critical component for measuring and understanding the effectiveness of these digital tools on broader health outcomes. Even in cases where AI algorithms have high diagnostic accuracy, healthcare providers often still rely on their experience and sometimes gut feeling to make a final decision. Other times, providers rely unquestioningly on the outputs of the AI models, which leads to a concern about over-reliance on the technology. The purpose of this research was to understand how reliant drug shop dispensers were on AI-powered technologies when determining a differential diagnosis for a presented clinical case vignette. We explored how the drug dispensers responded to technology that is framed as always correct in an attempt to measure whether they begin to rely on it without any critical thought of their own. We found that dispensers relied on the decision made by the AI 25 percent of the time, even when the AI provided no explanation for its decision.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
