arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2302.08458q-bio.NCcond-mat.dis-nncond-mat.mtrl-sci
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固态神经科学:作为时间问题的尖峰神经网络

Solid State Neuroscience: Spiking Neural Networks as Time Matter

Marcelo J. Rozenberg

摘要:

我们的目标是在{ \it a priori}两个互不相关的领域:神经科学和材料科学之间建立一座桥梁。我们构建了一个类比的基础上确定尖峰事件的时间与物质粒子的位置。我们表明,人们可以认为的动力学状态的尖峰神经元和尖峰神经网络作为{ \it时间物质}。也就是说,尖峰事件在时间上的结构具有与普通物质类似的性质。我们可以为神经系统定义等价于状态方程、相图及其相变的概念。例如,熟悉的理想气体定律关系(P $v$ =常数)作为理想积分和激发神经元模型关系($I_{in}$ ISI =常数)的类似物出现。我们定义了空间结构相关函数的神经模拟,它可以表征具有时间长程顺序的尖峰状态,例如规则的强直尖峰。我们还定义了“神经压缩性”的响应函数类似的晶格压缩性。我们发现,类似于普通物质的情况下,神经压缩性的异常行为是一个前兆效应,信号的尖峰状态的变化的开始。我们认为神经可压缩性的概念可能为开发用于疾病早期诊断的新型医疗工具开辟道路。它可以预测即将发生的异常神经状态,如帕金森氏震颤,癫痫发作,心电图,甚至可以作为恢复意识的可能性的预测。

英文摘要:

We aim at building a bridge between to {\it a priori} disconnected fields: Neuroscience and Material Science. We construct an analogy based on identifying spikes events in time with the positions of particles of matter. We show that one may think of the dynamical states of spiking neurons and spiking neural networks as {\it time-matter}. Namely, a structure of spike-events in time having analogue properties to that of ordinary matter. We can define for neural systems notions equivalent to the equations of state, phase diagrams and their phase transitions. For instance, the familiar Ideal Gas Law relation (P$v$ = constant) emerges as analogue of the Ideal Integrate and Fire neuron model relation ($I_{in}$ISI = constant). We define the neural analogue of the spatial structure correlation function, that can characterize spiking states with temporal long-range order, such as regular tonic spiking. We also define the ``neuro-compressibility'' response function in analogy to the lattice compressibility. We show that similarly to the case of ordinary matter, the anomalous behavior of the neuro-compressibility is a precursor effect that signals the onset of changes in spiking states. We propose that the notion of neuro-compressibility may open the way to develop novel medical tools for the early diagnose of diseases. It may allow to predict impending anomalous neural states, such as Parkinson's tremors, epileptic seizures, electric cardiopathies, and perhaps may even serve as a predictor of the likelihood of regaining consciousness.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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