结合振动能量收集和自感知复合路面的自供电动态称重系统
Self-powered weigh-in-motion system combining vibration energy harvesting and self-sensing composite pavements
摘要：
车辆超载是道路基础设施加速退化的主要原因。在这种情况下，虽然动态称重（WIM）系统是最有效的执行重量规定，目前的技术需要昂贵的投资限制其广泛的实施。多功能复合材料的最新进展使智能路面成为具有成本效益的替代品。然而，对稳定电源的需求仍然是一个主要的实际限制。这项工作提出了一种新的概念验证自我可持续的WIM技术相结合的智能路面和基于振动的能量收集（EH）。首先研究了压电双晶片悬臂梁采集交通振动的可行性，然后在实验室条件下对所提出的技术进行了演示。这项工作的主要原始贡献包括：（一）一个新的自供电数据采集系统的开发，（二）一种新的方法，用于制造和机电测试的压阻复合路面，及（三）实验室可行性分析的开发EH单位进行交通负荷识别通过电阻率测量的智能路面。虽然所呈现的结果得出结论，需要密集的EH网络或不同的EH技术的组合，以实现完全的自我可持续性，这项工作代表了一个初步的可行性证据铺平了道路，朝着自供电的低成本WIM系统的发展。
英文摘要：
Overloaded vehicles are the primary cause of accelerated degradation of road infrastructures. In this context, although weigh-in-motion (WIM) systems are most efficient to enforce weight regulations, current technologies require costly investments limiting their extensive implementation. Recent advances in multifunctional composites enabled cost-efficient alternatives in the form of smart pavements. Nevertheless, the need for a stable power supply still represents a major practical limitation. This work presents a novel proof-of-concept self-sustainable WIM technology combining smart pavements and vibration-based energy harvesting (EH). The feasibility of piezoelectric bimorph cantilevered beams to harvest traffic-induced vibrations is firstly investigated, followed by the demonstration of the proposed technology under laboratory conditions. The main original contributions of this work comprise (i) the development of a new self-powered data acquisition system, (ii) a novel approach for the fabrication and electromechanical testing of the piezoresistive composite pavement, and (iii) laboratory feasibility analysis of the developed EH unit to conduct traffic load identification through electrical resistivity measurements of the smart pavement. While the presented results conclude the need for dense EH networks or combinations of different EH technologies to attain complete self-sustainability, this work represents an initial feasibility evidence paving the way towards the development of self-powered low-cost WIM systems.
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