强相互作用光子的量子涡旋
Quantum vortices of strongly interacting photons
AI总结：
本文在量子非线性光学介质中实现了由强光子-光子相互作用产生的量子涡旋，通过双光子和三光子束缚态形成涡旋结构，并产生每光子π的条件相移，为确定性量子逻辑运算提供了潜在资源。
摘要：
涡旋是非线性物理中拓扑非平凡动力学的一个标志性特征，出现在从太空和大气到凝聚态物质和量子气体的各种系统中。在光学中，涡旋表现为电磁场的相位扭转，通常由光与物质的相互作用形成。通过光与自身的有效相互作用形成涡旋需要强的光学非线性，因此直到现在，这种涡旋的形成仅限于经典领域。在这里，我们报告了在量子非线性光学介质中由强光子-光子相互作用产生的量子涡旋的实现。这种相互作用导致同向传播的光子相位累积更快。类似于推水的板，局部的相位累积在双光子波函数内产生一对量子涡旋-反涡旋。对于三个光子，涡旋线和中心涡旋环的形成证明了真正的三光子相互作用。由双光子和三光子束缚态控制的波函数拓扑，对每个光子施加了π的条件相移，这是确定性量子逻辑运算的潜在资源。
英文摘要：
Vortices are a hallmark of topologically nontrivial dynamics in nonlinear physics and arise in a huge variety of systems, from space and atmosphere to condensed matter and quantum gases. In optics, vortices manifest as phase twists of the electromagnetic field, commonly formed by the interaction of light and matter. Formation of vortices by effective interaction of light with itself requires strong optical nonlinearity and has therefore been confined, until now, to the classical regime. Here we report on the realization of quantum vortices resulting from a strong photon-photon interaction in a quantum nonlinear optical medium. The interaction causes faster phase accumulation for co-propagating photons. Similarly to a plate pushing water, the local phase accumulation produces a quantum vortex-antivortex pair within the two-photon wavefunction. For three photons, the formation of vortex lines and a central vortex ring attests to a genuine three-photon interaction. The wavefunction topology, governed by two- and three-photon bound states, imposes a conditional phase shift of $π$-per-photon, a potential resource for deterministic quantum logic operations.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
