金属键合钙钛矿氢化铅在大气压下通过声子介导实现高达46 K的超导电性
Metal-bonded perovskite lead hydride with phonon-mediated superconductivity up to 46 K under atmospheric pressure
AI总结：
本文提出将氢注入铅形成金属键合钙钛矿Pb₄H，通过求解Migdal-Eliashberg方程预测其在大气压下为声子介导超导体，Tc达46 K，兼具良好结构稳定性与延展性，为常压高温超导探索开辟新路径。
摘要：
在氢化物中寻找高温超导体的过程中，大量多氢超导体已在理论上被预测，其中一些已在数百GPa的超高压下通过实验合成。然而，这些高压方法的不实用性一直是一个长期存在的问题。为此，我们提出了一种新方法，通过将氢注入铅中，形成一种稳定的少氢金属键合钙钛矿Pb$_4$H，从而在大气压下实现高温超导。该方法不同于超高压下多氢共价高临界温度（$T_c$）超导体的流行设计思路。通过求解各向异性Migdal-Eliashberg（ME）方程，我们证明钙钛矿Pb$_4$H是一种典型的声子介导超导体，其$T_c$为46 K，是块体Pb（7.22 K）的六倍，且高于MgB$_2$（39 K）。高的$T_c$可归因于2.45的强电子-声子耦合（EPC）强度，该强度源于氢注入铅后诱导出若干高频光学声子模式，并因H原子振动而产生相对较大的声子线宽。钙钛矿Pb$_4$H中的金属键合不仅提高了结构稳定性，还保证了比广泛研究的多氢、铁基和铜氧化物超导体更好的延展性。这些结果表明，在大气压下探索新型高温超导体具有潜力，并可能很快重新激发对其实验合成的兴趣。
英文摘要：
In the search for high-temperature superconductivity in hydrides, a plethora of multi-hydrogen superconductors have been theoretically predicted, and some have been synthesized experimentally under ultrahigh pressures of several hundred GPa. However, the impracticality of these high-pressure methods has been a persistent issue. In response, we propose a new approach to achieve high-temperature superconductivity under atmospheric pressure by implanting hydrogen into lead to create a stable few-hydrogen metal-bonded perovskite, Pb$_4$H. This approach diverges from the popular design methodology of multi-hydrogen covalent high critical temperature ($T_c$) superconductors under ultrahigh pressure. By solving the anisotropic Migdal-Eliashberg (ME) equations, we demonstrate that perovskite Pb$_4$H is a typical phonon-mediated superconductor with a $T_c$ of 46 K, which is six times higher than that of bulk Pb (7.22 K) and higher than that of MgB$_2$ (39 K). The high $T_c$ can be attributed to the strong electron-phonon coupling (EPC) strength of 2.45, which arises from hydrogen implantation in lead that induces several high-frequency optical phonon modes with a relatively large phonon linewidth resulting from H atom vibration. The metallic-bonding in perovskite Pb$_4$H not only improves the structural stability but also guarantees better ductility than the widely investigated multi-hydrogen, iron-based, and cuprate superconductors. These results suggest that there is potential for the exploration of new high-temperature superconductors under atmospheric pressure and may reignite interest in their experimental synthesis soon.
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