迈向运动自由空间信道上的全被动时间比特量子密钥分发
Towards Fully Passive Time-Bin Quantum Key Distribution over Moving Free-Space Channels
AI总结：
提出一种参考系无关时间比特量子密钥分发新方案，无需主动相位稳定与模式过滤即可在运动自由空间和多模信道中实现被动自补偿安全通信，并完成概念验证演示。
摘要：
由于远距量子时间比特干涉仪相位稳定和自由空间信道湍流的困难，将量子信息编码于光子时间比特态通常被认为不适用于运动自由空间量子通信。我们展示了一种使用参考系无关时间比特量子密钥分发的新方法，该方法完全避免了对主动相对相位稳定的需求，同时克服了高度多模信道且无需任何主动模式过滤。该方案实现了被动、自补偿的时间比特量子通信，无需任何模式过滤、模式分拣、自适应光学、主动基选择或主动相位对准。我们使用混合偏振与时间比特纠缠光子实现了概念验证演示，在15m多模光纤信道上展现出持续大于0.07 bits/coincidence的渐近安全密钥率，并在包含系统损耗的运动38.5dB损耗自由空间信道上展现出纠缠关联。该方案简化了时间比特编码的使用，可随时应用于涉及快速移动平台（包括机载和卫星系统）的各种空间多模和波动信道。
英文摘要：
Encoding quantum information in photonic time-bin states is typically considered impractical for moving free-space quantum communication due to the difficulties with phase stabilization of distant quantum time-bin interferometers and turbulence of free-space channels. We demonstrate a novel approach using reference frame independent time-bin quantum key distribution that completely avoids the need for active relative phase stabilization while simultaneously overcoming a highly multi-mode channel without any active mode filtering. This scheme enables passive, self-compensating time-bin quantum communication without any mode filtering, mode sorting, adaptive optics, active basis selection, or active phase alignment. We realize a proof-of-concept demonstration using hybrid polarization and time-bin entangled photons that demonstrates a sustained asymptotic secure key rate greater than 0.07 bits/coincidence over a 15m multi-mode fiber optical channel and showing entanglement correlations over a moving 38.5dB loss free-space channel, including system losses. The scheme simplifies the use of time-bin encoding and can be readily applied over various spatially multi-mode and fluctuating channels involving rapidly moving platforms, including airborne and satellite systems.
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