关于有理数域上的相对Nash-Tognoli定理及其在有理数代数性问题中的应用
A relative Nash-Tognoli theorem over $\mathbb{Q}$ and application to the $\mathbb{Q}$-algebraicity problem
AI总结:
本文在有理数域上证明了相对Nash-Tognoli定理,并将其应用于有理数代数性问题,通过半代数方法扩展到非紧致情况,同时描述了Grassmann流形的同调环。
摘要:
我们证明了一个关于有理数域上的Nash-Tognoli定理的相对版本,即:令M是一个紧致光滑流形,其中包含M₁,…,Mₗ作为一般位置的闭光滑子流形,则存在一个非奇异的实代数集M′⊂Rⁿ,其包含非奇异的代数子集M₁′,…,Mₗ′,以及一个微分同胚h:M→M′,使得h(M_i)=M_i′对于所有i=1,…,ℓ成立,且M′,M₁′,…,Mₗ′由具有有理数系数的多项式方程全局和局部描述。此外,如果M,M₁,…,Mₗ都是非奇异的代数集,则证明微分同胚h:M→M′可以被选择为半代数的,并且结果可以扩展到非紧致情况。在证明过程中,我们还通过Bott-Samelson解析Schubert变种的方式,用非奇异的代数代表来描述实嵌入Grassmann流形的Z/2Z同调环。
英文摘要:
We prove a relative version over $\mathbb{Q}$ of Nash-Tognoli theorem, that is: Let $M$ be a compact smooth manifold with closed smooth submanifolds $M_1,\dots,M_\ell$ in general position, then there exists a nonsingular real algebraic set $M'\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ with nonsingular algebraic subsets $M_1',\dots,M_\ell'$ and a diffeomorphism $h:M\to M'$ such that $h(M_i)=M_i'$ for all $i=1,\dots,\ell$ such that $M',M_1',\dots,M_\ell'$ are described, both globally and locally, by polynomial equations with rational coefficients. In addition, if $M,M_1,\dots,M_\ell$ are nonsingular algebraic sets, then we prove the diffeomorphism $h:M\to M'$ can be chosen semialgebraic and the result can be extended to the noncompact case. In the proof we describe also the $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$-homological cycles of real embedded Grassmannian manifolds by nonsingular algebraic representatives over $\mathbb{Q}$ via the Bott-Samelson resolution of Schubert varieties.
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