The LIGO-Virgo-Kagra (LVK) collaboration has detected gravitational waves from 90 Compact Binary Coalescences. In addition to fortifying the linearized theory of General Relativity (GR), the statistical ensemble of detections also provides prospects of detecting nonlinear effects predicted by GR, one such prediction being the nonlinear gravitational memory effect. For detected stellar and intermediate mass compact binaries, the induced strain from the memory effect is one or two orders below the detector noise background. Additionally, since most of the energy is radiated at merger the strain induced by the memory effect resembles a step function at the merger time. These facts motivate the idea of coherently stacking up data streams from recorded GW events at these merger times so that the cumulative memory strain is detected with a sufficient SNR. GW detectors essentially record the integrated strain response at time scales of the round trip light travel time, making future space-based long arm interferometers like LISA ideal for detecting the memory effect at low frequencies. In this paper, we propose a method that uses the event catalog of ground-based detectors and searches for corresponding memory strains in the LISA data stream. Given LVK's O3 science run catalog, we use scaling arguments and assumptions on the source population models to estimate the run time required for LISA to accumulate a memory SNR of 5, using triggers from current and future ground-based detectors. Finally, we extend these calculations for using beyond LISA missions like ALIA, AMIGO, and Folkner to detect the gravitational memory effect. The results for LISA indicate a possible detection of the memory effect within the 10 year LISA mission lifetime and the corresponding results for beyond LISA missions are even more promising.
Detectability of Gravitational-Wave Memory with LISA: A Bayesian Approach
CEA（法国原子能和替代能源委员会）；Université Paris-Saclay（巴黎萨克雷大学）；Centre national d’études spatiales (CNES)（法国国家空间研究中心）；CERN（欧洲核子研究组织）；Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE)（高能物理研究所）；The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology（巴塞罗那科学技术研究院）；Niels Bohr Institute（尼尔斯·玻尔研究所）；KU Leuven（荷语鲁汶大学）；Leuven Gravity Institute（鲁汶引力研究所）；SISSA（国际高等研究院）；INFN Sezione di Trieste（意大利国家核物理研究所的里雅斯特分部）；IFPU - Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe（宇宙基础物理研究所）
Fast premerger detection of massive black-hole binaries in LISA based on time-frequency excess power
Università dell’Insubria（因苏布里亚大学）；INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学意大利国家核物理研究所）；Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学）；Université Côte d’Azur（蔚蓝海岸大学）；Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur（蔚蓝海岸天文台）；University of Birmingham（伯明翰大学）
Memory effect from neutron star merger counterparts
Université de Liège（列日大学）；Sorbonne Université（索邦大学）；KU Leuven（荷语鲁汶大学）；Sun Yat-Sen University（中山大学）；University of New Hampshire（新罕布什尔大学）；University of Ferrara（费拉拉大学）；INFN, Sezione di Ferrara（意大利国家核物理研究所费拉拉分部）
Merging stellar and intermediate-mass black holes in dense clusters: implications for LIGO, LISA and the next generation of gravitational wave detectors
研究了由两个恒星黑洞（BH）和一个中等质量黑洞（IMBH）之间的相互作用触发的中等质量比螺旋（IMRIs）的形成。我们利用$N$体模型改变IMBH质量，恒星BH质谱，和星团的属性。这些模拟再加上半解析的过程来解释残余IMBH的演变。IMRI形成概率达到值$\sim 5-50\%$，较大的值对应于较大的IMBH质量。IMRIs绘制出恒星BH的质谱，因此它们可能被用来解开恒星星团中的BH人口窝藏IMBH。在IMRI阶段之后，最初接近最大值（几乎不旋转）的IMBH倾向于减少（增加）其自旋。如果IMBH增长主要是通过重复的IMRI，我们表明，只有IMBH种子足够大（$M_{\rm seed} > 300$ M $_\odot$）可以增长到$M_{\rm imbh} >10^3$ M $_\odot$在密集的球状星团。假设这些种子在红移$z\sim 2-6$处形成，我们发现它们中的$1-5\%$在红移$z=0$处将达到质量$\sim 500-1500$ M $_\odot$，并将表现出低自旋$S_{\rm imbh} < 0.2$。测量IMRI中涉及的IMBH的质量和自旋可以帮助解开它们的形成机制。我们表明，LISA可以检测IMBHs在银河系球状星团的信噪比$=10-100$，或在大麦哲伦星云的信噪比$=8-40$。我们提供了LIGO（$Γ_{\rm LIG} = 0.003-1.6$ yr…
Probing ultralight bosons with LISA observations of spinning black hole mergers and follow-up searches of merger remnants
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics（Perimeter理论物理研究所）；University of Waterloo（滑铁卢大学）；Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)（马克斯·普朗克引力物理学研究所（爱因斯坦研究所））
Towards Claiming a Detection of Gravitational Memory
Niels Bohr Institute（尼尔斯·玻尔研究所）；CERN（欧洲核子研究组织）；Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE)（高能物理研究所）；The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology（巴塞罗那科学技术研究院）；CEA（法国原子能和替代能源委员会）；Université Paris-Saclay（巴黎萨克雷大学）；Centre national d’études spatiales (CNES)（法国国家空间研究中心）；KU Leuven（荷语鲁汶大学）；Institute for Theoretical Physics, KU Leuven（荷语鲁汶大学理论物理研究所）
Probing soft signals of gravitational-wave memory with space-based interferometers
School of Physics, Nanjing University（南京大学物理学院）；School of Frontier Sciences, Nanjing University（南京大学前沿科学中心）；School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)（中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院）
