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arXiv 2302.04119cs.LGcs.AI
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地方法144:回归的批判性分析

Local Law 144: A Critical Analysis of Regression Metrics

Holistic AI

Giulio Filippi, Sara Zannone, Airlie Hilliard, Adriano Koshiyama

摘要:

在招聘中使用自动化决策工具已受到越来越多的关注。2021年11月,纽约市议会通过了一项立法(第144号地方法),要求对自动就业决策工具进行偏见审计。从2023年4月15日起,使用自动化工具招聘或晋升员工的公司必须由独立实体对这些系统进行审计。要求审计员计算偏倚指标,以比较不同群体的结果,至少基于性别/性别和种族/民族类别。Local Law 144为回归任务(自动化系统用连续范围的值对候选人进行评分的场景)提出了新的偏差度量。该立法的前一版本提出了一个偏见指标,比较了不同群体的平均得分。新修订的偏见指标比较了每组中超过中位数的候选人比例。在本文中,我们认为,这两个指标未能捕捉整个域的分布差异,因此不能可靠地检测偏差。我们首先介绍两个指标,作为立法指标的可能替代品。然后,我们比较这些指标在一系列的理论例子,立法提出的指标似乎低估了偏见。最后,我们研究了真实的数据,并表明立法指标在现实世界的招聘应用程序中同样会失败。

英文摘要:

The use of automated decision tools in recruitment has received an increasing amount of attention. In November 2021, the New York City Council passed a legislation (Local Law 144) that mandates bias audits of Automated Employment Decision Tools. From 15th April 2023, companies that use automated tools for hiring or promoting employees are required to have these systems audited by an independent entity. Auditors are asked to compute bias metrics that compare outcomes for different groups, based on sex/gender and race/ethnicity categories at a minimum. Local Law 144 proposes novel bias metrics for regression tasks (scenarios where the automated system scores candidates with a continuous range of values). A previous version of the legislation proposed a bias metric that compared the mean scores of different groups. The new revised bias metric compares the proportion of candidates in each group that falls above the median. In this paper, we argue that both metrics fail to capture distributional differences over the whole domain, and therefore cannot reliably detect bias. We first introduce two metrics, as possible alternatives to the legislation metrics. We then compare these metrics over a range of theoretical examples, for which the legislation proposed metrics seem to underestimate bias. Finally, we study real data and show that the legislation metrics can similarly fail in a real-world recruitment application.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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