$p,p$散射波粒二象性的实验研究
Proposed experimental study of wave-particle duality in $p,p$ scattering
摘要：
在所有的核物理实验中，没有一个比"弹性“$p,p$更基本，其次是$p,d$或$d,d$散射。认识到这些粒子本身是复合的，“弹性”散射可能伴随着暂时的内部重排，具有不可检测的小能量损失。本文认为，正确计算$p,p$弹性散射的自旋依赖性必须考虑到以前忽略的"$G$“的相对论效应，即散射粒子的反常磁偶极矩（MDM），并进而描述了能够证实这一论点的储存环$p,p$散射组态。在实验上对质子特别重要的是，在$K=183.1$ \，MeV实验室动能附近存在“接近完美”的质子-碳散射极化分析功率$A$。阳性率%：（i）利用反向循环的$K=200\,$ MeV能量质子束，对于所有散射的显著大部分，可以以高概率确定重合散射质子的最终自旋状态。与目前的描述相比，这大致相当于实验室框架中的质子动能$K=400\,$ MeV，接近π介子的产生阈值。（二）在"DERBENEV型“8字形储存环中，正交轨道上的独立极化、直径相对的聚束可以在缓慢、横向移动的坐标系中与对称的$K''\approx200$ MeV能量在束交叉点碰撞。%（iii）$p$和$d$束可以在具有叠加的电和磁弯曲的小跑道形环中同时反向循环。在这种情况下，散射将是“沃尔芬斯坦式”的，入射轨道共线。为了研究量子力学和狭义相对论的一致性，建议在COSY光束大厅中实现选项（ii）和（iii）。
英文摘要：
Of all nuclear physics experiments none are more fundamental than ``elastic'' $p,p$ and, secondarily, $p,d$ or $d,d$ scattering. Recognizing that these particles are themselves composite, ``elastic'' scattering may be accompanied by temporary internal rearrangement with undetectably small energy loss. % This paper argues that correct calculation of the spin dependence of $p,p$ elastic scattering must account for a previously-neglected relativistic effect of ``$G$'', the anomalous magnetic dipole moment (MDM) of the scattering particles and proceeds to describe storage ring $p,p$ scattering configurations capable of confirming this contention. % Especially important experimentally for protons is the existence of ``near perfect'' proton-carbon scattering polarimetric analyzing power $A$ near $K=183.1$\,MeV laboratory kinetic energy. % Possibilities: (i) With counter-circulating $K=200\,$MeV energy proton beams the final spin states of coincident scattered protons can be determined with high probability for a significantly large fraction of all scatters. For comparison with current descriptions this corresponds roughly to proton kinetic energy $K=400\,$MeV in the laboratory frame, close to the pion production threshold. % (ii) In a ``DERBENEV-style'' figure-8 storage ring, independently polarized, diametrically opposite bunches on orthogonal orbits can collide at the beam crossover point with symmetric $K''\approx200$ MeV energies in a slow, transversely moving frame. % (iii) $p$ and $d$ beams can counter-circulate at the same time in a small racetrack shaped ring with superimposed electric and magnetic bending. In this case the scattering would be ``WOLFENSTEIN-style'' with collinear incident orbits. % To investigate the consistency of quantum mechanics and special relativity it is proposed to implement options (ii) and (iii) in the COSY beam hall.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
