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arXiv 2302.02538math.OC
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随机需求车辆路径问题的研究进展:相关需求的贝叶斯学习和基本分支定价与截割

Recent Advances in Vehicle Routing with Stochastic Demands: Bayesian Learning for Correlated Demands and Elementary Branch-Price-and-Cut

Alexandre M. Florio, Michel Gendreau, Richard F. Hartl, Stefan Minner, Thibaut Vidal

摘要:

我们考虑车辆路径问题与随机需求(VRPSD),一个随机变量的著名的VRP中,需求只显示在每个客户的车辆到达。基于VRPSD研究的最新进展,本文首先总结了解决该问题的关键新成果和方法。在这样做的过程中,我们讨论了与解决VRPSD的机会约束和补货为基础的角度下的主要挑战。一旦我们涵盖了目前的国家的最先进的,我们介绍两个主要的方法的贡献。首先,我们提出了一个分支价格和削减(BP&C)算法的VRPSD下的最优补货。该方法,这是基于基本路线的定价,与以前的算法相比,并允许几个开放的基准实例的解决方案。其次,我们开发了一个需求模型,用于处理相关的客户需求。该模型的中心概念是“外部因素”,它代表影响所有需求的未知协变量。我们提出了一个贝叶斯为基础的,迭代学习过程,以完善我们的知识的外部因素,客户的需求。此更新后的知识,然后使用规定的需求相关性下的最优补货决策。计算结果表明,新的BP&C方法的效率,并表明,成本节省10%以上的补货决策时,考虑到需求的相关性。最后,我们激励一些研究的角度来看,我们相信,应该塑造未来的研究VRPSD。

英文摘要:

We consider the vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands (VRPSD), a stochastic variant of the well-known VRP in which demands are only revealed upon arrival of the vehicle at each customer. Motivated by the significant recent progress on VRPSD research, we begin this paper by summarizing the key new results and methods for solving the problem. In doing so, we discuss the main challenges associated with solving the VRPSD under the chance-constraint and the restocking-based perspectives. Once we cover the current state-of-the-art, we introduce two major methodological contributions. First, we present a branch-price-and-cut (BP&C) algorithm for the VRPSD under optimal restocking. The method, which is based on the pricing of elementary routes, compares favorably with previous algorithms and allows the solution of several open benchmark instances. Second, we develop a demand model for dealing with correlated customer demands. The central concept in this model is the "external factor", which represents unknown covariates that affect all demands. We present a Bayesian-based, iterated learning procedure to refine our knowledge about the external factor as customer demands are revealed. This updated knowledge is then used to prescribe optimal replenishment decisions under demand correlation. Computational results demonstrate the efficiency of the new BP&C method and show that cost savings above 10% may be achieved when restocking decisions take account of demand correlation. Lastly, we motivate a few research perspectives that, as we believe, should shape future research on the VRPSD.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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