量子计算：大规模关键基础设施的有效网络分区
Quantum computation: Efficient network partitioning for large scale critical infrastructures
摘要：
量子计算机正在成为解决经典计算机面临的某些计算问题的可行替代方案。随着量子硬件的快速发展，例如基于捕获离子的量子硬件，有实际的动机来识别这些系统可以有效解决的风险管理问题。在这里，我们专注于网络分区作为分析关键基础设施风险的一种手段，并提出了一种量子方法来实现。它是基于量子计算机可以提供的潜在加速，在稀疏图拉普拉斯算子的特征值和特征向量的识别中，这是一个在经典计算机上受时间和内存约束的过程。
英文摘要：
Quantum computers are emerging as a viable alternative to tackle certain computational problems that are challenging for classical computers. With the rapid development of quantum hardware such as those based on trapped ions, there is practical motivation for identifying risk management problems that are efficiently solvable with these systems. Here we focus on network partitioning as a means for analyzing risk in critical infrastructures and present a quantum approach for its implementation. It is based on the potential speedup quantum computers can provide in the identification of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of sparse graph Laplacians, a procedure which is constrained by time and memory on classical computers.
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