arXiv 2302.015752023-02-03quant-ph

低能自由电子与腔光子的Jaynes-Cummings相互作用

Jaynes-Cummings interaction between low energy free-electrons and cavity photons

Aviv Karnieli, Shanhui Fan

备注：: 18 pages, including Supplementary Material, 3 figures

摘要：

Jaynes-Cummings哈密顿量是腔量子电动力学的核心，并且在各种量子技术中无处不在。因此，实现和控制该哈密尔顿算子的各个方面的能力是至关重要的。然而，依赖于束缚电子系统的常规实施方式除了受到诸如需要低温操作和制造不均匀性的实际限制之外，还从根本上受到束缚电子的库仑势的限制。本文从理论上提出了一种利用低能自由电子与介质微腔耦合实现Jaynes-Cummings哈密顿量的新方法，并介绍了这种方法所带来的几种量子技术。我们的方法利用量子反冲，这会导致一个大的失谐，抑制多个连续光子的发射，有效地将自由电子转换成一个耦合到腔模的两能级系统。我们表明，这种方法可以用于产生单光子与单位效率和高保真度。然后，我们概括的概念，以实现一个多层次的量子发射器，通过适当的设计腔模式，允许确定性的光子对产生，甚至量子交换门之间的腔光子和自由电子量子比特。当使用N个电子的纠缠对称态来驱动腔时，可以实现耦合强度增加\sqrt（N）倍。量子自由电子通过其动能和与光波的相位匹配而可调谐，是具有可工程化发射波长的固有多功能发射器。因此，它们为不同光谱范围的光子平台之间的量子互连铺平了道路。

英文摘要：

The Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian is at the core of cavity quantum electrodynamics, and is ubiquitous in a variety of quantum technologies. The ability to implement and control the various aspects of this Hamiltonian is thus of paramount importance. However, conventional implementations relying on bound-electron systems are fundamentally limited by the Coulomb potential that bounds the electron, in addition to suffering from practical limitations such as requiring cryogenic temperatures for operation and fabrication inhomogeneity. In this work, we propose theoretically a new approach to realize the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian using low energy free-electrons coupled to dielectric microcavities, and exemplify several quantum technologies made possible by this approach. Our approach utilizes quantum recoil, which causes a large detuning that inhibits the emission of multiple consecutive photons, effectively transforming the free-electron into a two-level system coupled to the cavity mode. We show that this approach can be used for generation of single photons with unity efficiency and high fidelity. We then generalize the concept to achieve a multiple-level quantum emitter through a suitable design of cavity modes, allowing for deterministic photon-pair generation and even a quantum SWAP gate between a cavity photon and a free-electron qubit. An increase in coupling strength by a factor of \sqrt(N) can be achieved when an entangled symmetric state of N electrons is used to drive the cavity. Tunable by their kinetic energy and phase-matching to light waves, quantum free-electrons are inherently versatile emitters with an engineerable emission wavelength. As such, they pave the way towards new possibilities for quantum interconnects between photonic platforms at disparate spectral regimes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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