生物结构中色氨酸巨型网络的紫外超辐射
Ultraviolet superradiance from mega-networks of tryptophan in biological architectures
AI总结：
本文研究生物系统中色氨酸巨型网络在紫外激发下的集体超辐射效应，理论预测并实验证实微管架构中大量色氨酸偶极子的协同作用可增强荧光量子产率，为细胞信号传导机制提供新见解。
摘要：
色氨酸网络——一种具有强荧光响应的芳香族氨基酸——在生物系统中普遍存在，并在跨膜蛋白、细胞骨架纤维、亚神经元元件、光感受器复合体、病毒衣壳及其他细胞结构中形成多样的架构。我们分析了紫外（UV）激发若干生物学相关的色氨酸巨型网络所诱导的协同效应，从而为细胞信号传导与调控的新机制提供见解。我们在单激发流形中的理论分析预测，由于微管架构中多达超过 $10^5$ 个色氨酸紫外激发跃迁偶极子的有组织排列之间的集体相互作用，会形成强超辐射态，这导致荧光量子产率的增强，并得到我们实验的证实。我们展示了这种超辐射行为在层级组织微管蛋白结构的荧光量子产率中所产生的可观测后果，该量子产率在热平衡下于不同几何区域中在饱和之前持续增加——突显了该效应在无序存在下的持久性。
英文摘要：
Networks of tryptophan -- an aromatic amino acid with strong fluorescent response -- are ubiquitous in biological systems, forming diverse architectures in transmembrane proteins, cytoskeletal filaments, sub-neuronal elements, photoreceptor complexes, virion capsids, and other cellular structures. We analyze the cooperative effects induced by ultraviolet (UV) excitation of several biologically relevant tryptophan mega-networks, thus giving insight into novel mechanisms for cellular signalling and control. Our theoretical analysis in the single-excitation manifold predicts the formation of strongly superradiant states due to collective interactions among organized arrangements of up to more than $10^5$ tryptophan UV-excited transition dipoles in microtubule architectures, which leads to an enhancement of the fluorescence quantum yield that is confirmed by our experiments. We demonstrate the observed consequences of this superradiant behavior in the fluorescence quantum yield for hierarchically organized tubulin structures, which increases in different geometric regimes at thermal equilibrium before saturation -- highlighting the effect's persistence in the presence of disorder.
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