A new dynamical modeling of the WASP-47 system with CHEOPS observations
V. Nascimbeni, L. Borsato, T. Zingales, G. Piotto, I. Pagano, M. Beck, C. Broeg, D. Ehrenreich, S. Hoyer, F. Z. Majidi, V. Granata, S. G. Sousa, T. G. Wilson, V… 展开作者
V. Nascimbeni, L. Borsato, T. Zingales, G. Piotto, I. Pagano, M. Beck, C. Broeg, D. Ehrenreich, S. Hoyer, F. Z. Majidi, V. Granata, S. G. Sousa, T. G. Wilson, V. Van Grootel, A. Bonfanti, S. Salmon, A. J. Mustill, L. Delrez, Y. Alibert, R. Alonso, G. Anglada, T. Bárczy, D. Barrado, S. C. C. Barros, W. Baumjohann, T. Beck, W. Benz, M. Bergomi, N. Billot, X. Bonfils, A. Brandeker, J. Cabrera, S. Charnoz, A. Collier Cameron, Sz. Csizmadia, P. E. Cubillos, M. B. Davies, M. Deleuil, A. Deline, O. D. S. Demangeon, B. -O. Demory, A. Erikson, A. Fortier, L. Fossati, M. Fridlund, D. Gandolfi, M. Gillon, M. Güdel, K. G. Isaak, L. L. Kiss, J. Laskar, A. Lecavelier des Etangs, M. Lendl, C. Lovis, R. Luque, D. Magrin, P. F. L. Maxted, C. Mordasini, G. Olofsson, R. Ottensamer, E. Pallé, G. Peter, D. Piazza, D. Pollacco, D. Queloz, R. Ragazzoni, N. Rando, F. Ratti, H. Rauer, I. Ribas, N. C. Santos, G. Scandariato, D. Ségransan, A. E. Simon, A. M. S. Smith, M. Steinberger, M. Steller, Gy. M. Szabó, N. Thomas, S. Udry, J. Venturini, N. A. Walton, D. Wolter
Among the hundreds of known hot Jupiters (HJs), only five have been found to have companions on short-period orbits. Within this rare class of multiple planetary systems, the architecture of WASP-47 is unique, hosting an HJ (planet -b) with both an inner and an outer sub-Neptunian mass companion (-e and -d, respectively) as well as an additional non-transiting, long-period giant (-c). The small period ratio between planets -b and -d boosts the transit time variation (TTV) signal, making it possible to reliably measure the masses of these planets in synergy with the radial velocity (RV) technique. In this paper, we present new space- and ground-based photometric data of WASP-47b and WASP-47-d, including 11 unpublished light curves from the ESA mission CHEOPS. We analyzed the light curves in a homogeneous way together with all the publicly available data to carry out a global $N$-body dynamical modeling of the TTV and RV signals. We retrieved, among other parameters, a mass and density for planet -d of $M_\mathrm{d}=15.5\pm 0.8$ $M_\oplus$ and $ρ_\mathrm{d}=1.69\pm 0.22$ g\,cm$^{-3}$, which is in good agreement with the literature and consistent with a Neptune-like composition. For the inner planet (-e), we found a mass and density of $M_\mathrm{e}=9.0\pm 0.5$ $M_\oplus$ and $ρ_\mathrm{e}=8.1\pm 0.5$ g\,cm$^{-3}$, suggesting an Earth-like composition close to other ultra-hot planets at similar irradiation levels. Though this result is in agreement with previous RV+TTV studies, it is not in agreement with the most recent RV analysis (at 2.8$σ$), which yielded a lower density compatible with a pure silicate composition. This discrepancy highlights the still unresolved issue of suspected systematic offsets between RV and TTV measurements. In this paper, we also significantly improve the orbital ephemerides of all transiting planets, which will be crucial for any future follow-up.
WASP-103b is the exoplanet with the highest expected deformation signature in its transit light curve and one of the shortest expected spiral-in times. Measuring the tidal deformation of the planet would allow us to estimate the second degree fluid Love number and gain insight into the planet's internal structure. Moreover, measuring the tidal decay timescale would allow us to estimate the stellar tidal quality factor, which is key to constraining stellar physics. We obtained 12 transit light curves of WASP-103b with the CHEOPS to estimate the tidal deformation and tidal decay of this extreme …
The CHEOPS space mission dedicated to exoplanet follow-up was launched in December 2019, equipped with the capacity to perform photometric measurements at the 20 ppm level. As CHEOPS carries out its observations in a broad optical passband, it can provide insights into the reflected light from exoplanets and constrain the short-wavelength thermal emission for the hottest of planets by observing occultations and phase curves. Here, we report the first CHEOPS observation of an occultation, namely, that of the hot Jupiter WASP-189b, a $M_P \approx 2 M_J$ planet orbiting an A-type star. We detecte…
Gas giants orbiting close to hot and massive early-type stars can reach dayside temperatures that are comparable to those of the coldest stars. These "ultra-hot Jupiters" have atmospheres made of ions and atomic species from molecular dissociation and feature strong day-to-night temperature gradients. Photometric observations at different orbital phases provide insights on the planet atmospheric properties. We analyse the photometric observations of WASP-189 acquired with the instrument CHEOPS to derive constraints on the system architecture and the planetary atmosphere. We implement a light c…
Observations of the phase curves and secondary eclipses of extrasolar planets provide a window on the composition and thermal structure of the planetary atmospheres. For example, the photometric observations of secondary eclipses lead to the measurement of the planetary geometric albedo $A_g$, which is an indicator of the presence of clouds in the atmosphere. In this work we aim to measure the $A_g$ in the optical domain of WASP-43b, a moderately irradiated giant planet with an equilibrium temperature of $\sim$1400~K. To this purpose, we analyze the secondary eclipse light curves collected by …
Stockholm University（斯德哥尔摩大学）；Universität Bern（伯尔尼大学）；University of Warwick（华威大学）；Université de Genève（日内瓦大学）；INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania（意大利国家天体物理研究所卡塔尼亚天文台）
We present 17 transit light curves of seven known warm-Jupiters observed with the CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS). The light curves have been collected as part of the CHEOPS Guaranteed Time Observation (GTO) program that searches for transit-timing variation (TTV) of warm-Jupiters induced by a possible external perturber to shed light on the evolution path of such planetary systems. We describe the CHEOPS observation process, from the planning to the data analysis. In this work we focused on the timing performance of CHEOPS, the impact of the sampling of the transit phases, and the…
Orbit Refinement of WASP-18 b and Evidence Against the Existence of WASP-18 c
Christ University（基督大学）；Exoplanet Watch（系外行星观测计划）；California State University, San Marcos（圣马科斯加州州立大学）；University of California, Riverside（加州大学河滨分校）；Mackenzie Presbyterian University（麦肯锡长老会大学）；American Association of Variable Star Observers（变星观测者美国协会）
利用 205 条凌星光变曲线和 449 条径向速度测量，精化 WASP-18 b 的轨道历元并检验 WASP-18 c 的存在性，发现凌星计时和径向速度数据均不支持 WASP-18 c 的存在。
WASP-12b is one of the most well-studied transiting exoplanets, as its highly-inflated radius and its 1.1 day orbit around a G0-type star make it an excellent target for atmospheric categorisation through observation during its secondary eclipse. We present two new secondary eclipse observations of WASP-12b, acquired a year apart with the Wide Field Camera on the Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) and the IO:O instrument on the Liverpool Telescope (LT). These observations were conducted in the $i^\prime$-band, a window expected to be dominated by TiO features if present in appreciable quantities in …
We report on the detection of transit timing variations (TTV) of WASP-161b by using the combination of TESS data and archival data. The midpoint of the transits in TESS data are offset by $\sim$67 minutes in Jan. 2019, and $\sim$203 minutes in Jan. 2021, based on the ephemeris published in previous work. We are able to reproduce the transit timings from the archival light curve (SSO-Europa; Jan. 2018) and find SSO-Europa timing is consistent with the published ephemeris under a constant period assumption. Conversely, we find that the SSO-Europa transit midpoint indicates a 6.62-minute variatio…
Massive companions in close orbits around G dwarfs are thought to undergo rapid orbital decay due to runaway tidal dissipation. We report here the discovery of WASP-128b, a brown dwarf discovered by the WASP survey transiting a G0V host on a $2.2\,\mathrm{d}$ orbit, where the measured stellar rotation rate places the companion in a regime where tidal interaction is dominated by dynamical tides. Under the assumption of dynamical equilibrium, we derive a value of the stellar tidal quality factor $\log{Q_\star'} = 6.96 \pm 0.19$. A combined analysis of ground-based photometry and high-resolution …
We present 22 new transit observations of the exoplanets WASP-18Ab, WASP-19b, and WASP-77Ab, from the Transit Monitoring in the South (TraMoS) project. We simultaneously model our newly collected transit light curves with archival photometry and radial velocity data, to obtain refined physical and orbital parameters. We include TESS light curves of the three exoplanets to perform an extended analysis of the variations in their transit mid-time (TTV) and to refine their planetary orbital ephemeris. We did not find significant $\rm TTV_{RMS}$ variations larger than 47, 65, and 86 seconds for WAS…
Binary stars provide an ideal laboratory for investigating the potential effects of planet formation on stellar composition. Assuming the stars formed in the same environment/from the same material, any compositional anomalies between binary components might indicate differences in how material was sequestered in planets, or accreted by the star in the process of planet formation. We present here a study of the elemental abundance differences between WASP-94AB, a pair of stars that each host a hot Jupiter exoplanet. The two stars are very similar in spectral type (F8 and F9), and their ~2700 A…
We report the detection of two new systems containing transiting planets. Both were identified by WASP as worthy transiting planet candidates. Radial-velocity observations quickly verified that the photometric signals were indeed produced by two transiting hot Jupiters. Our observations also show the presence of additional Doppler signals. In addition to short-period hot Jupiters, we find that the WASP-53 and WASP-81 systems also host brown dwarfs, on fairly eccentric orbits with semi-major axes of a few astronomical units. WASP-53c is over 16 $M_{\rm Jup} \sin i_{\rm c}$ and WASP-81c is 57 $M…
High-precision transit observations provide excellent opportunities for characterizing the physical properties of exoplanetary systems. These physical properties supply many pieces of information for unvealing the internal structure, external atmosphere, and dynamical history of the planets. We present revised properties of transiting systems WASP-35 and HAT-P-30/WASP-51 through analyzing newly available TESS photometry and ground-based observations obtained at 1m telescope of Yunnan Observatories as well as from the literature. The improved system parameters are consistent with the previous r…
We study the effect of dynamical tides associated with the excitation of gravity waves in an interior radiative region of the central star on orbital evolution in observed systems containing Hot Jupiters. We consider WASP-43, Ogle-tr-113, WASP-12, and WASP-18 which contain stars on the main sequence (MS). For these systems there are observational estimates regarding the rate of change of the orbital period. We also investigate Kepler-91 which contains an evolved giant star. We adopt the formalism of Ivanov et al. for calculating the orbital evolution. For the MS stars we determine expected rat…
We present Rossiter-McLaughlin observations of WASP-13b and WASP-32b and determine the sky-projected angle between the normal of the planetary orbit and the stellar rotation axis ($λ$). WASP-13b and WASP-32b both have prograde orbits and are consistent with alignment with measured sky-projected angles of $λ={8^{\circ}}^{+13}_{-12}$ and $λ={-2^{\circ}}^{+17}_{-19}$, respectively. Both WASP-13 and WASP-32 have $T_{\mathrm{eff}}<6250$K and therefore these systems support the general trend that aligned planetary systems are preferentially found orbiting cool host stars. A Lomb-Scargle periodogram …
Hot Jupiters on extremely short-period orbits are expected to be unstable to tidal dissipation and spiral toward their host stars. That is because they transfer the angular momentum of the orbital motion through tidal dissipation into the stellar interior. Although the magnitude of this phenomenon is related to the physical properties of a specific star-planet system, statistical studies show that tidal dissipation might shape the architecture of hot Jupiter systems during the stellar lifetime on the main sequence. The efficiency of tidal dissipation remains poorly constrained in star-planet s…
CHEOPS observations of V1298 Tau: updated planetary densities and implications on the early evolution of the young system
University of Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹大学）；Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹大学安顿·潘内科克天文学研究所）；Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP)（波茨坦天体物理研究所）；DESY（德国电子同步辐射实验室）；Astrobiology Center（天体生物学中心）；National Astronomical Observatory of Japan（日本国立天文台）；The Graduate University for Advanced Studies（高级研究大学院大学）；School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham（伯明翰大学物理与天文学学院）；Lowell Observatory（洛厄尔天文台）；Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院卡弗里天体物理学与空间研究研究所）
Much remains to be understood about the nature of exoplanets smaller than Neptune, most of which have been discovered in compact multi-planet systems. With its inner ultra-short period planet b aligned with the star and two larger outer planets d-c on polar orbits, the multi-planet system HD 3167 features a peculiar architecture and offers the possibility to investigate both dynamical and atmospheric evolution processes. To this purpose we combined multiple datasets of transit photometry and radial velocimetry (RV) to revise the properties of the system and inform models of its planets. This e…
We provide evidence that the obliquities of stars with close-in giant planets were initially nearly random, and that the low obliquities that are often observed are a consequence of star-planet tidal interactions. The evidence is based on 14 new measurements of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect (for the systems HAT-P-6, HAT-P-7, HAT-P-16, HAT-P-24, HAT-P-32, HAT-P-34, WASP-12, WASP-16, WASP-18, WASP-19, WASP-26, WASP-31, Gl 436, and Kepler-8), as well as a critical review of previous observations. The low-obliquity (well-aligned) systems are those for which the expected tidal timescale is short, …
For transiting planets, the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect allows the measurement of the sky-projected angle beta between the stellar rotation axis and a planet's orbital axis. Using the HARPS spectrograph, we observed the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect for six transiting hot Jupiters found by the WASP consortium. We combine these with long term radial velocity measurements obtained with CORALIE. We found that three of our targets have a projected spin-orbit angle above 90 degrees: WASP-2b: beta = 153 (+11 -15), WASP-15b: beta = 139.6 (+5.2 -4.3) and WASP-17b: beta = 148.5 (+5.1 -4.2); the other three…
We present precise radial velocity observations of WASP-47, a star known to host a hot Jupiter, a distant Jovian companion, and, uniquely, two additional transiting planets in short-period orbits: a super-Earth in a ~19 hour orbit, and a Neptune in a ~9 day orbit. We analyze our observations from the HARPS-N spectrograph along with previously published data to measure the most precise planet masses yet for this system. When combined with new stellar parameters and reanalyzed transit photometry, our mass measurements place strong constraints on the compositions of the two small planets. We find…
We have used photometry from the WASP-South instrument to identify 5 stars showing planet-like transits in their light curves. The planetary nature of the companions to these stars has been confirmed using photometry from the EulerCam instrument on the Swiss Euler 1.2-m telescope and the TRAPPIST telescope, and spectroscopy obtained with the CORALIE spectrograph. The planets discovered are hot Jupiter systems with orbital periods in the range 2.17 to 5.75 days, masses from 0.3M$_{\rm Jup}$ to 1.2M$_{\rm Jup}$ and with radii from 1R$_{\rm Jup}$ to 1.5R$_{\rm Jup}$. These planets orbit bright st…
Discovery and characterisation of two exoplanets orbiting the metal-poor, solar-type star TOI-5788 with TESS, CHEOPS, and HARPS-N
University of Birmingham（伯明翰大学）；University of Exeter（埃克塞特大学）；Leiden Observatory, University of Leiden（莱顿天文台，莱顿大学）；Slovak Academy of Sciences（斯洛伐克科学院）；ELTE Gothard Astrophysical Observatory（厄特沃什·罗兰大学戈塔德天体物理观测站）；University of Bern（伯尔尼大学）；European Space Agency (ESA)（欧洲空间局）
We report the discovery of WASP-8, a transiting planet of 2.25+-0.08 M_Jup on a strongly inclined eccentric 8.15-day orbit, moving in a retrograde direction to the rotation of its late-G host star. Evidence is found that the star is in a multiple stellar system with two other companions. The dynamical complexity of the system indicates that it may have experienced secular interactions such as the Kozai mechanism or a formation that differs from the ``classical" disc-migration theory.
The TASTE project is searching for low-mass planets with the Transit Timing Variation (TTV) technique, by gathering high-precision, short-cadence light curves for a selected sample of transiting exoplanets. It has been claimed that the "hot Jupiter" WASP-3b could be perturbed by a second planet. Presenting eleven new light curves (secured at the IAC80 and UDEM telescopes) and re-analyzing thirty-eight archival light curves in a homogeneous way, we show that new data do not confirm the previously claimed TTV signal. However, we bring evidence that measurements are not consistent with a constant…
Spin-Orbit Geometry of AU Mic b and c from Back-to-Back Transits Observed Contemporaneously with Magellan PFS, LCOGT, and CHEOPS
Tsinghua University（清华大学）；Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy (CASSACA), National Astronomical Observatories, CAS（中国科学院南美天文中心（CASSACA），国家天文台，中国科学院）；ELTE Gothard Astrophysical Observatory（厄特沃什·罗兰大学戈塔德天体物理观测站）；Obserwatorium Astronomiczne Niedźwiady（尼德兹维迪天文台）；Boyce Research Initiatives and Education Foundation（博伊奇研究与教育基金会）；Instituto de Física y Astronomía, Universidad de Valparaíso（瓦尔帕莱索大学物理与天文学研究所）
通过背靠背凌星的 Rossiter-McLaughlin 测量，确认了 AU Mic b 的共面轨道，并发现 AU Mic c 可能共面或极向，但共面更受支持。
Short-period planets suffer from extreme tidal forces from their parent stars causing them to deform and attain non-spherical shapes. The planet shapes, modeled here as triaxial ellipsoids, can have an impact on the observed transit light curves and the planetary parameters derived. We investigate the detectability of tidal deformation in short-period planets from their transit light curves and the instrumental precision needed. We show how the detection of deformation from the light curve allows us to obtain an observational estimate of the second fluid Love number which gives valuable insigh…
WASP-12b is an extreme hot Jupiter in a 1 day orbit, suffering profound irradiation from its F type host star. The planet is surrounded by a translucent exosphere which overfills the Roche lobe and produces line-blanketing absorption in the near-UV. The planet is losing mass. Another unusual property of the WASP-12 system is that observed chromospheric emission from the star is anomalously low: WASP-12 is an extreme outlier amongst thousands of stars when the log $R^{'}_{HK}$ chromospheric activity indicator is considered. Occam's razor suggests these two extremely rare properties coincide in …
WASP-12 is a hot Jupiter system with an orbital period of $P= 1.1\textrm{ day}$, making it one of the shortest-period giant planets known. Recent transit timing observations by Maciejewski et al. (2016) and Patra et al. (2017) find a decreasing period with $P/|\dot{P}| = 3.2\textrm{ Myr}$. This has been interpreted as evidence of either orbital decay due to tidal dissipation or a long term oscillation of the apparent period due to apsidal precession. Here we consider the possibility that it is orbital decay. We show that the parameters of the host star are consistent with either a $M_\ast \sim…
We measured the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect of WASP-107b during a single transit with Keck/HIRES. We found the sky-projected inclination of WASP-107b's orbit, relative to its host star's rotation axis, to be $|λ| = {118}^{+38}_{-19}$ degrees. This confirms the misaligned/polar orbit that was previously suggested from spot-crossing events and adds WASP-107b to the growing population of hot Neptunes in polar orbits around cool stars. WASP-107b is also the fourth such planet to have a known distant planetary companion. We examined several dynamical pathways by which this companion could have induc…
Exoplanet discoveries have demonstrated a vast range of planetary system architectures. The demographic of compact planetary systems are especially interesting from the perspective of planetary formation and the evolution of orbital dynamics. Another interesting demographic is that of giant planets in eccentric orbits, since these planets have likely had a dynamical history involving planet-planet scattering events. The WASP-47 system is particularly fascinating since it combines these two demographics, having both compact planetary orbits and a giant planet on an eccentric orbit within the sy…
High-precision transit photometry supplies ideal opportunities for detecting new exoplanets and characterizing their physical properties, which usually encode valuable information for unveiling the planetary structure, atmosphere and dynamical history. We present revised properties of three transiting systems (i.e., HAT-P-13, HAT-P-16 and WASP-32) through analyzing TESS photometry and ground-based transit observations, which were obtained at the 1m and 2.4m telescopes of Yunnan Observatories, China, and the 1.2m telescope of Hamburg Observatory, Germany, as well as the data in the literature. …
Using new data from the K2 mission, we show that WASP-47, a previously known hot Jupiter host, also hosts two additional transiting planets: a Neptune-sized outer planet and a super-Earth inner companion. We measure planetary properties from the K2 light curve and detect transit timing variations, confirming the planetary nature of the outer planet. We performed a large number of numerical simulations to study the dynamical stability of the system and to find the theoretically expected transit timing variations (TTVs). The theoretically predicted TTVs are in good agreement with those observed,…
Hot Jupiters are generally observed to lack close planetary companions, a trend that has been interpreted as evidence for high-eccentricity migration. We present the discovery and validation of WASP-132 c (TOI-822.02), a 1.85 $\pm$ 0.10 $R_{\oplus}$ planet on a 1.01 day orbit interior to the hot Jupiter WASP-132 b. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and ground-based follow-up observations, in conjunction with vetting and validation analysis, enable us to rule out common astrophysical false positives and validate the observed transit signal produced by WASP-132 c as a planet. Running …
The Neptunian ridge planet WASP-156 b does not have a polar orbit
University of Warwick（华威大学）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）；Schmidt Sciences（施密特科学）；University of Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹大学）；University of Birmingham（伯明翰大学）；Max Planck Institute for Astronomy（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）
通过分析 ESPRESSO 和 MAROON-X 的罗斯特-麦克劳林效应观测，发现 WASP-156 b 的轨道是共面的（λ=-8±16°），否定了先前高度倾斜轨道的结论，并更新了系统参数。
We present an observation of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect for the planetary system WASP-3. Radial velocity measurements were made during transit using the SOPHIE spectrograph at the 1.93m telescope at Haute-Provence Observatory. The shape of the effect shows that the sky-projected angle between the stellar rotation axis and planetary orbital axis (lambda) is small and consistent with zero within 2 sigma; lambda = 15 +10/-9 deg. WASP-3b joins the ~two-thirds of planets with measured spin-orbit angles that are well aligned and are thought to have undergone a dynamically-gentle migration proces…
The transiting planet WASP-12 b was identified as a potential target for transit timing studies because a departure from a linear ephemeris was reported in the literature. Such deviations could be caused by an additional planet in the system. We attempt to confirm the existence of claimed variations in transit timing and interpret its origin. We organised a multi-site campaign to observe transits by WASP-12 b in three observing seasons, using 0.5-2.6-metre telescopes. We obtained 61 transit light curves, many of them with sub-millimagnitude precision. The simultaneous analysis of the best-qual…
Recent analyses have revealed a mystery. The orbital period of the highly inflated hot Jupiter, WASP-12b, is decreasing rapidly. The rate of inspiral, however, is too fast to be explained by either eccentricity tides or equilibrium stellar tides. While dynamical stellar tides are possible, they require a subgiant structure for the star, whereas stellar models point toward a main sequence host. Here, we show that these hitherto irreconcilable observations might be explained by planetary obliquity tides if planet b's spin vector is trapped in a high-obliquity state maintained by a secular spin-o…
We present the discovery and characterization of WASP-148, a new extrasolar system that includes at least two giant planets. The host star is a slowly rotating inactive late-G dwarf with a V=12 magnitude. The planet WASP-148b is a hot Jupiter of 0.72 R_Jup and 0.29 M_Jup that transits its host with an orbital period of 8.80 days. We found the planetary candidate with the SuperWASP photometric survey, then characterized it with the SOPHIE spectrograph. Our radial velocity measurements subsequently revealed a second planet in the system, WASP-148c, with an orbital period of 34.5 days and a minim…
WASP-148 is a recently announced extra-solar system harbouring at least two giant planets. The inner planet transits its host star. The planets travel on eccentric orbits and are near the 4:1 mean-motion resonance, which implies significant mutual gravitational interactions. In particular, this causes transit-timing variations of a few minutes, which were detected based on ground-based photometry. This made WASP-148 one of the few cases where such a phenomenon was detected without space-based photometry. Here, we present a self-consistent model of WASP-148 that takes into account the gravitati…
We present the discovery by the WASP-South survey, in close collaboration with the Euler and TRAPPIST telescopes, of WASP-121 b, a new remarkable short-period transiting hot Jupiter, whose planetary nature has been statistically validated by the PASTIS software. The planet has a mass of $1.183_{-0.062}^{+0.064}$ $M_{\mathrm{Jup}}$, a radius of 1.865 $\pm$ 0.044 $R_{\mathrm{Jup}}$, and transits every $1.2749255_{-0.0000025}^{+0.0000020}$ days an active F6-type main-sequence star ($V$=10.4, $1.353_{-0.079}^{+0.080}$ $M_{\odot}$, 1.458 $\pm$ 0.030 $R_{\odot}$, $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ = 6460 $\pm$ 140 …
