宇宙背景中微子引力偏转的DEMNUNI模拟分析
Cosmic Background Neutrinos Deflected by Gravity: DEMNUni Simulation Analysis
摘要：
本地超星系团作为宇宙背景中微子的重力偏转源。这种重力偏转改变了中微子的螺旋度，因此对地面上的氚捕获实验有重要的影响，这些实验的目的是确定中微子是狄拉克还是马约拉纳。在这里，我们探讨的偏转效应的本地超星系团使用更高分辨率的DEMNUNI模拟套件，并重申我们以前的结果。我们发现，最轻的中微子是超相对论性的，足以受到重力偏转小，并在同一时间没有相对论性的，足以实现相同的捕获率狄拉克和马约拉纳的情况下。这意味着在类似托勒密的实验中，俘获率将对中微子的性质敏感，而引力偏转则扩大了马约拉纳和狄拉克俘获率之间的差异。此外，利用中微子冻结费米-狄拉克分布的质量和动量关系，我们可以计算出不同质量的中微子对同一组中微子的偏转角。这样做，我们提供了一个公式来计算任何中微子质量的偏转角，这样当宇宙学检测到绝对中微子质量时，可以对地球上的氚地面探测器进行精确的预测，以确定中微子的性质。
英文摘要：
The local supercluster acts as a gravity deflection source for cosmic background neutrinos. This deflection by gravity changes the neutrino helicity and therefore has important consequences for ground based tritium capture experiments aimed at determining if the neutrino is Dirac or Majorana. Here we explore the deflection effect of the local supercluster using the higher resolution DEMNUni simulation suite and reaffirm our previous results. We show that the lightest neutrinos are ultra-relativistic enough to suffer little deflection by gravity and at the same time not relativistic enough to achieve the same capture rate for Dirac and Majorana cases. This means that the capture rate in Ptolemy-like experiments will be sensitive to the neutrino nature and that gravity deflection enlarges the difference between Majorana and Dirac rates. Moreover, using the relation between mass and momentum of the neutrinos frozen Fermi-Dirac distribution, we are able to calculate the deflection angle for different neutrino masses from the same set of neutrinos obtained from the simulation. Doing so, we provide a formula to compute the deflection angle for any neutrino mass, such that when cosmology detects an absolute neutrino mass, precise predictions can be made for tritium ground-based detectors on Earth aimed to determine neutrinos nature.
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