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arXiv 2301.12166cs.LG
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用于联邦生存分析模拟的异构数据集

Heterogeneous Datasets for Federated Survival Analysis Simulation

Politecnico di Milano(米兰理工大学);Technische Universität Dresden(德累斯顿工业大学)

Alberto Archetti, Eugenio Lomurno, Francesco Lattari, André Martin, Matteo Matteucci

摘要:

生存分析研究人群中发生的感兴趣事件的时间建模技术。生存分析在医疗保健、工程和社会科学中得到了广泛的应用。然而,训练生存模型所需的数据往往是分布式的,不完整的,审查,和机密。在这种情况下,可以利用联邦学习来极大地提高在分布式数据上训练的模型的质量,同时保护用户隐私。然而,联邦生存分析仍处于早期发展阶段,并且没有通用的基准数据集来测试联邦生存模型。这项工作提供了一种新的技术,通过以可复制的方式从现有的非联邦数据集开始构建真实的异构数据集。具体来说,我们提出了两个基于Dirichlet分布的数据集分裂算法,将每个数据样本分配给精心选择的客户端:数量偏斜分裂和标签偏斜分裂。此外,这些算法允许通过改变单个超参数来获得不同水平的异质性。最后,数值实验提供了一个定量评估的异质性水平,使用对数秩检验和定性分析所产生的分裂。所提出的方法的实施是公开的,有利于可重复性,并鼓励共同的做法,模拟联邦环境的生存分析。

英文摘要:

Survival analysis studies time-modeling techniques for an event of interest occurring for a population. Survival analysis found widespread applications in healthcare, engineering, and social sciences. However, the data needed to train survival models are often distributed, incomplete, censored, and confidential. In this context, federated learning can be exploited to tremendously improve the quality of the models trained on distributed data while preserving user privacy. However, federated survival analysis is still in its early development, and there is no common benchmarking dataset to test federated survival models. This work provides a novel technique for constructing realistic heterogeneous datasets by starting from existing non-federated datasets in a reproducible way. Specifically, we propose two dataset-splitting algorithms based on the Dirichlet distribution to assign each data sample to a carefully chosen client: quantity-skewed splitting and label-skewed splitting. Furthermore, these algorithms allow for obtaining different levels of heterogeneity by changing a single hyperparameter. Finally, numerical experiments provide a quantitative evaluation of the heterogeneity level using log-rank tests and a qualitative analysis of the generated splits. The implementation of the proposed methods is publicly available in favor of reproducibility and to encourage common practices to simulate federated environments for survival analysis.

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