电动湍流的四级联图像
Quad-cascade picture of electrokinetic turbulence
AI总结：
针对外体积力影响下湍流标度行为无法被柯尔莫哥洛夫定律充分描述的问题，研究提出耦合动能与标量方差通量的通用四级联湍流框架，经微流控电动湍流实验验证吻合良好，深化了相关级联过程的理解。
摘要：
湍流在自然界及各类系统中普遍存在，其在时空上呈现出混沌且间歇的涨落，难以实现精确预测。近一个世纪以来，研究人员付出了大量努力，旨在从湍流的极度无序与混沌特性中揭示其内在的普适性与不变规律。尽管著名的柯尔莫哥洛夫-5/3定律是该领域坚实的基石，但它无法捕捉受外体积力（如热对流和电动流动）影响的湍流所表现出的多样标度行为。本研究提出了一个耦合动能通量与标量方差通量的通用框架，最终推导出一条普适守恒律。该框架对湍流给出了全面的四级联描述，其预测能力突破了现有模型的局限。我们通过电动湍流的微流控实验对该框架进行了验证，实验中浓度涨落与速度涨落的功率谱均表现出理论预测的标度行为，与理论结果高度吻合。这些发现不仅深化了我们对外体积力驱动湍流中级联全过程的理解，还有望为其他湍流系统的研究提供启示。
英文摘要：
Turbulence, ubiquitous in nature and across various systems, exhibits chaotic and intermittent fluctuations in space and time, defying precise prediction. For nearly a century, extensive efforts have been made to uncover the underlying universality and invariant laws from the immense disorder and chaotic nature of turbulence. While the celebrated Kolmogorov -5/3 law stands as a robust cornerstone, it falls short in capturing the diverse scaling behavior exhibited in turbulence influenced by external volume forces, like thermal convection and electrokinetic flows. This study proposes a general framework that couples the fluxes of kinetic energy and scalar variance, culminating in the formulation of a universal conservation law. This framework offers a comprehensive quad-cascade depiction of turbulence, enabling predictions that beyond the limitations of existing models. We illustrate this framework with microfluidic experiments on electrokinetic turbulence, wherein power spectra of concentration and velocity fluctuations exhibit the predicted scaling behaviors, providing remarkable agreement with theory. These findings not only deepen our understanding of the complete cascade process in turbulence driven by external volume forces but also hold promise for insights into other turbulent systems.
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