作为诱导近量子化电导平台的 Andreev 束缚态标识的差分电流噪声
Differential current noise as an identifier of Andreev bound states that induce nearly quantized conductance plateaus
AI总结：
本文指出近量子化电导平台也可由平庸的 Andreev 束缚态产生，提出通过测量差分电流噪声 $P$ 随偏置电压 $V$ 的变化来区分 ABSs 与 Majorana 束缚态，为实验识别提供新方案。
摘要：
量子化电导平台是十年前预言的 Majorana 束缚态（MBSs）的著名标志，近期在铁基超导体和混合纳米线中观察到带有微小偏差的该现象。在此，我们证明近量子化电导平台也可由平庸的 Andreev 束缚态（ABSs）产生。为避免 ABS 的干扰，我们提出通过测量相关的差分电流噪声 $P$ 随偏置电压 $V$ 的变化，来识别 ABS 诱导的量子化电导平台。具体而言，对于由一个或多个低能 ABSs 诱导的量子化电导平台，其相关的 $P(V)$ 曲线在零偏置附近呈现双峰，峰值位置位于 $e|V|\approx 3k_B T$（其中 $T$ 是温度），且峰值大于 $2e^3/h$。这些特征与 MBS 或准 MBS 的特征形成鲜明对比，后者的 $P(V)$ 曲线显示一个宽的零偏置凹陷，且始终低于 $2e^3/h$。该协议可在多种 MBS 候选平台中使用电极或 STM 针尖作为探针实际实现。
英文摘要：
Quantized conductance plateaus, a celebrated hallmark of Majorana bound states (MBSs) predicted a decade ago, have recently been observed with small deviations in iron-based superconductors and hybrid nanowires. Here, we demonstrate that nearly quantized conductance plateaus can also arise from trivial Andreev bound states (ABSs). To avoid ABS interruptions, we propose identifying ABS-induced quantized conductance plateaus by measuring the associated differential current noise $P$ versus bias voltage $V$. Specifically, for a quantized conductance plateau induced by one or multiple low-energy ABSs, the associated $P(V)$ curve exhibits a double-peak around zero bias, with the peak positions at $e|V|\approx 3k_B T$ (where $T$ is the temperature) and peak values larger than $2e^3/h$. These features greatly contrast those of an MBS or quasi-MBS, whose $P(V)$ curve displays a broad zero-bias dip and is consistently below $2e^3/h$. This protocol can be practically implemented in a variety of MBS candidate platforms using an electrode or STM tip as a probe.
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