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arXiv 2301.06320astro-ph.HE
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多信使高能结果

Multi-Messenger High-Energy Results

Teresa Montaruli

摘要:

多信使高能天体物理学目前已经实现了解开宇宙射线的起源和源如何加速它们的潜力,它们与银河系外空间扩散辐射的关系,以及它们在磁场中游荡数百万年时在形成其起源星系方面的作用。中微子天文学产生了其重要的科学里程碑,IceCube发现了能量超过60 TeV的扩散通量,其强度与来自超高能宇宙射线的银河系外源的通量的预测上限相当。最近的结果提供了第一个强有力的证据,证明中微子来源独立,中微子警报与伽马射线的高度可能性巧合。IceCube的这些结果表明,中微子天文学可以补充光子天文学,也可以提供对高能辐射不透明源的见解。星暴星系和活动星系中的喷射黑洞是解释宇宙中微子弥散背景的最佳候选者。此外,伽马射线暴仍然是一个有趣的谜,现在通过伽马射线和引力波的联合观测而丰富。宇宙射线与我们银河系的星际物质相互作用产生的银河系扩散通量,在较低的能量下达到峰值,中微子探测器可以探测到。与测量到的PeV能量的银河伽马射线通量一起,它们将揭示宇宙射线的膝区和银河平面中可能存在的暗物质。未来,由于探测介质和深度学习方法的改进描述,将在IceCube和深海和湖泊中微子望远镜中进行更多工作,以使用进一步的低能级联进行宇宙源搜索。

英文摘要:

Multi-messenger high-energy astrophysics has currently achieved the potential to unravel the origin of cosmic rays and how sources accelerate them, their relation to the diffuse radiation in the extra-galactic space, and their role to forge their galaxies of origin while they wander in their magnetic fields for millions of years. Neutrino astronomy produced its major scientific milestone with the discovery by IceCube of a diffuse flux at energies above 60~TeV with intensity comparable to a predicted upper limit to the flux from extra-galactic sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. More recent results provide the first strong evidence of a standalone neutrino source and a highly probable coincidence of a neutrino alert with gamma rays. These results of IceCube indicate that neutrino astronomy can complement photon astronomy also providing insights into opaque sources of high-energy radiation. Starburst galaxies and jetted black holes in active galaxies are favored candidates to explain the diffuse cosmic neutrino background. Additionally, gamma-ray bursts remain an intriguing mystery now enriched by joint observations of gamma-rays and gravitational waves. The galactic diffuse flux, produced by cosmic ray interactions on the interstellar matter of our galaxy and peaking at lower energies, is within the reach of neutrino detectors. Together with the measured galactic gamma-ray flux up to PeV energies, they will shed light on the knee region of cosmic rays and the possible existence of dark matter in the Galactic plane. In the future, more work will be done in IceCube and deep sea and lake neutrino telescopes to use further low-energy cascades for cosmic source searches thanks to improved descriptions of detection media and deep learning methods.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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