耦合三腔系统中具备EP阶数可调性的本征频率分裂
Eigenfrequency splitting with EPs order tunability in a coupled triple cavity system
AI总结：
本研究提出三耦合环形谐振器系统，利用高阶奇异点在PT与反PT对称域实现本征频率实分裂，其折射率传感灵敏度较以往微环谐振器提升达10^8量级，且奇异点阶数可通过包层扰动调节，为非厄米三腔系统应用提供支撑。
摘要：
非厄米哈密顿量的简并态，即宇称-时间（PT）对称系统的 exceptional points（奇异点，EPs），因其在光学器件中的多种潜在应用受到了广泛研究关注。在EPs处，至少两个本征值及其本征矢会发生合并。近期，针对由两个微环谐振器组成的光学系统，研究人员探究了EP附近本征频率分裂对传递函数的影响，该效应在PT对称和反PT对称传感器中引发了复分裂。在本研究中，我们提出了一种由三个耦合环形谐振器构成的简单系统，通过利用高阶EPs，在PT对称和反PT对称参数域内均实现了实分裂。我们通过一个中间中性环，间接耦合两个具有等量增益和损耗的环。随后通过调制包层折射率对该系统进行折射率（RI）传感测试，数值模拟结果显示，与以往微环谐振器研究中报道的灵敏度相比，该系统的灵敏度得到了极大提升。值得注意的是，灵敏度提升幅度可达10^8量级。此外，我们还发现可以通过扰动包层来调节EP的阶数。本研究结果可为非厄米三腔系统的广泛应用奠定基础。
英文摘要：
Degeneracies of non-Hermitian Hamiltonian i.e., exceptional points (EPs) of parity-time (PT)-symmetric systems have received considerable research attention due to their various possible applications in optical devices. At EPs, at least two eigenvalues as well as their eigenvector coalesce. Recently, the effect of the eigenfrequency splitting on transfer function near EP was studied for an optical system consisting of two micro ring resonators, which led to complex splitting in PT-symmetric and anti-PT-symmetric sensors. In present work, we propose a simple system of three coupled ring resonators to show real splitting in both PT-symmetric and anti-PT-symmetric parameter domains by exploiting higher-order EPs. We indirectly couple two rings with equal amount of gain and loss via an intermediate neutral ring. This system is then tested for refractive index (RI) sensing by modulating the cladding index and we numerically show a huge enhancement in sensitivity as compared to those reported in previous studies of micro ring resonators. Importantly, the enhancement is found to be of the order of 10^8. Further, we have found that the order of EP can be tuned by perturbating the cladding. The outcomes of this study may set up a wide range of applications in non-Hermitian triplet cavity systems.
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