arXiv 2301.048272023-01hep-thcond-mat.othergr-qchep-phmath-phmath.MP

五维热场论、爱因斯坦场方程与自发对称性破缺

5-D thermal field theory, Einstein field equations and spontaneous symmetry breaking

S. Ganesh

备注：: 11 pages, 2 figures. Published in Classical and Quantum Gravity. This is the accepted version
发表信息：: Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol 40, No. 4, 045008 (2023)
DOI：: 10.1088/1361-6382/acb24c

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AI总结：

本文将温度随时空变化重新表述为五维时空-温度空间中的度规变化，推导出相应的爱因斯坦场方程，并证明强引力场下温度分布不对称可引发希格斯机制式的自发对称性破缺。

摘要：

先前的研究已经表明，热介质在空间上的温度变化可以被重新表述为欧几里得度规的变化。现在，这一方法被扩展到温度随时间的变化，适用于保持局域热平衡的非相对论性热浴。这是通过在五维时空-温度空间中考察热场论来实现的。对于一个具有时间依赖哈密顿量的中性标量场，计算了其体热力学量，即能量密度。此外，将热变化重新表述为度规变化的概念被推广到引力场中的热系统。确定了五维时空-温度空间中的爱因斯坦场方程。结果表明，所得的里奇标量可以导致自发对称性破缺，进而引发希格斯机制。本质上，在极强的引力场中，时空温度分布的不对称性可以转化为粒子场的自发对称性破缺。

英文摘要：

It has been shown previously, that the spatial thermal variation of a thermal medium can be recast as a variation in the Euclidean metric. It is now extended to temporal variations in temperature, for a non-relativistic thermal bath, which remains in local thermal equilibrium. This is achieved by examining the thermal field theory in a five-dimensional space-time-temperature. The bulk thermodynamic quantity, namely the energy density, is calculated for a neutral scalar field with a time-dependent Hamiltonian. Furthermore, the concept of recasting thermal variations as a variation in the metric is extended to thermal systems in a gravitational field. The Einstein field equations, in the 5-D space-time-temperature, is determined. It is shown that the resulting Ricci scalar can lead to spontaneous symmetry breaking, leading to the Higgs mechanism. In essence, the asymmetry in the distribution of temperature in space-time can translate to spontaneous symmetry breaking of particle fields, in a very strong gravitational field.

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