简单地添加一个暗光子
SIMPly add a dark photon
AI总结:
本文研究在SIMP暗物质π介子方案中加入暗光子,通过共振增强3→2相互作用和速度依赖自相互作用,在暗π介子质量250-600 MeV范围内同时满足热平衡、微扰描述和小尺度结构约束。
摘要:
暗区规范群的π介子可以是强相互作用大质量粒子(SIMP)暗物质,通过3→2相互作用的冻结产生,并具有天然较大的自相互作用。我们研究在该设置中添加一个暗光子是否能够同时实现以下所有目标:i) 维持与可见区的热平衡,ii) 共振增强3→2相互作用,从而允许微扰π介子描述,iii) 提供依赖于速度的自相互作用,能够影响小尺度结构形成。对于N_f=3,这一最小设置被边际排除,因为所需的动力学混合太小,无法维持与标准模型的热平衡。添加一个额外的暗夸克打开了参数空间,并且——或许有些令人惊讶——我们发现对于暗π介子质量m_π~250-600 MeV,所有限制都可以满足。放弃小尺度结构要求iii),对于暗电荷α_d = 0.01-1和暗π介子质量m_π≥30 MeV,可以重现一个可行的设置。晚期湮灭不可忽略,使得SIMP暗π介子带有一些WIMP的特征。
英文摘要:
Pions of a dark sector gauge group can be strongly interacting massive particle (SIMP) dark matter, produced by the freeze-out of $3 \to 2$ interactions, with naturally large self-interactions. We study if adding a dark photon to the set-up can do it all: i) maintain thermalization with the visible sector, ii) resonantly enhance the $3\to2$ interactions, thus allowing for a perturbative pion description, and iii) provide a velocity dependent self-interaction that can affect small scale structure formation. For $N_f=3$ this minimal setup is marginally excluded, as the required kinetic mixing is too small to maintain thermal equilibrium with the SM. Adding an extra dark quark opens up parameter space, and -- perhaps somewhat surprisingly -- we find that all bounds can be satisfied for dark pion masses $m_π\sim 250-600\,$MeV. Dropping the small scale structure requirement iii), a viable setup is reproduced for dark charges of $α_d = 0.01-1$ and a dark pion mass $m_π\geq 30$ MeV. Late time annihilations are non-negligible making the SIMP dark pion a bit WIMPy.
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