利用两个旋转杆在赫兹区域中结构共振的动态引力激发
Dynamic gravitational excitation of structural resonances in the hertz regime using two rotating bars
摘要：
随着新的引力波（GW）观测站的规划，完全受控的动态引力实验变得越来越重要。这些新的实验可以为引力屏蔽或能量流等潜在的动态效应提供新的见解，并可能有助于将光带入仍然围绕着引力的神秘之中。在这里，我们提出了一个基于实验室的发射器检测器的实验，使用两个旋转杆作为发射器和42 Hz，高Q弯曲梁谐振器作为检测器。使用高精度的相位控制来同步旋转棒，动态引力场出现，其激发幅度高达100 nm/s或370 pm的弯曲运动，这是热噪声的500倍。双变送器设计可用于研究不同的设置配置。探测器的运动是光学测量，使用三个商业干涉仪。声学、机械和电气隔离、温度稳定的环境和锁定检测是该设置的核心要素。基于牛顿万有引力定律通过离散体积积分数值计算了探测器的移动负载响应，在振幅和相位方面测量与理论之间都显示出良好的一致性。近场引力能量传递比GW分析所预期的高10倍$^{25}$。
英文摘要：
With the planning of new ambitious gravitational wave (GW) observatories, fully controlled laboratory experiments on dynamic gravitation become more and more important. Such new experiments can provide new insights in potential dynamic effects such as gravitational shielding or energy flow and might contribute to bringing light into the mystery still surrounding gravity. Here we present a laboratory-based transmitter-detector experiment using two rotating bars as transmitter and a 42 Hz, high-Q bending beam resonator as detector. Using a highly precise phase control to synchronize the rotating bars, a dynamic gravitational field emerges that excites the bending motion with amplitudes up to 100 nm/s or 370 pm, which is a factor of 500 above the thermal noise. The two-transmitter design enables the investigation of different setup configurations. The detector movement is measured optically, using three commercial interferometers. Acoustical, mechanical, and electrical isolation, a temperature-stable environment, and lock-in detection are central elements of the setup. The moving load response of the detector is numerically calculated based on Newton's law of gravitation via discrete volume integration, showing excellent agreement between measurement and theory both in amplitude and phase. The near field gravitational energy transfer is 10$^{25}$ times higher than what is expected from GW analysis.
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