BlueWalker 3号卫星已经衰落
The BlueWalker 3 Satellite Has Faded
摘要：
从今年12月8日开始对蓝行者3号（BW 3）的观测表明，它的视亮度已经下降。我们假设，轨道β角和由此产生的太阳能发电的考虑需要调整卫星的姿态在那个时候。因此，名义上面向天顶的平面形状的航天器，支持太阳能电池阵列的一面，是倾斜的太阳。因此，地面观察者看到的最低点一面大部分是黑暗的。因此，BW3通常看起来很微弱，在某些情况下根本看不到。衰落的量高达4个量级。数值模拟表明，倾斜量在13°至16°的范围内。这种情况表明，从地面看BW3的外观有所改善，这可以通过航天器的小倾斜来实现。卫星运营商和天文学家可以根据这一发现共同解决明亮卫星对天体观测的不利影响。
英文摘要：
Observations of BlueWalker 3 (BW3) beginning on December 8 of this year indicate that its apparent brightness had decreased. We postulate that the orbital beta angle and resultant solar power considerations required an adjustment to the satellite attitude around that time. So, the nominally zenith facing side of the flat-panel shaped spacecraft, which supports the solar array, was tilted toward the Sun. Consequently, the nadir side, which is seen by observers on the ground, was mostly dark. Thus, BW3 has generally appeared faint and on some occasions was not seen at all. The amount of fading was up to 4 magnitudes. Numerical modeling indicates that the amount of tilt was in the range 13° to 16°. This situation indicates the improvement in the appearance of BW3 from the ground that can be achieved with small tilts of the spacecraft. Satellite operators and astronomers can jointly address the adverse impact of bright satellites on celestial observations based on this finding.
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