DESTINY $^{+}$目标小行星（3200）Phaethon的同时多色Photometry
Simultaneous Multicolor Photometry of the DESTINY$^{+}$ target asteroid (3200) Phaethon
摘要：
精确估计（3200）Phaethon的亮度直到较低的相位角对于DESTINY $^{+}$飞行任务的机载照相机的规划是必不可少的。我们于2021年10月和11月在Seimei 3.8 m望远镜上使用TriCCS相机对Phaethon进行了光学波长（$g$，$r$和$i$）的密集观测。我们利用$H$-$G$模型，从多次测光观测（包括低相角观测到$\sim$ 9 $^{\circ}$）中导出了法厄同的绝对星等$H_\mathrm{V}$和斜率参数$G$，分别为$H_\mathrm{V}=14.23\pm0.02$和$G=0.040\pm0.008$.利用$H_\mathrm{V}$值和以往偏振研究中导出的Phaethon的几何参数，我们估计Phaethon的直径在5.22 ~ 6.74 km之间，这与雷达和掩星观测结果是一致的。利用线性模型，我们导出了$H_\mathrm{V}=14.65\pm0.02$，它对应于4.30 - 5.56 km的直径范围。我们的同步三色光变曲线表明，没有旋转光谱变化大于0.018和0.020等的g-r和r-i的颜色，可能与表面材料和/或结构的不均匀性，被认为是在2021年的幻影。
英文摘要：
Accurate estimation of brightness of (3200) Phaethon up to lower phase angles are essential for planning of the on-board camera of the DESTINY$^{+}$ mission. We have carried out intensive observations of Phaethon in the optical wavelength ($g$, $r$, and $i$) with the TriCCS camera on the Seimei 3.8 m telescope in October and November, 2021. We derived the absolute magnitude $H_\mathrm{V}$ and the slope parameter $G$ of Phaethon as $H_\mathrm{V}=14.23\pm0.02$ and $G=0.040\pm0.008$ from multiple photometric observations including lower phase angles down to $\sim$9$^{\circ}$ with the $H$-$G$ model. Using the $H_\mathrm{V}$ value and the geometric albedo of Phaethon derived in previous polarimetric studies, we estimated that the Phaethon's diameter is within a range of 5.22 to 6.74 km, which is consistent with radar and occultation observations. With the linear model, we derived $H_\mathrm{V}=14.65\pm0.02$, which corresponds to a diameter range of 4.30 to 5.56 km. Our simultaneous tricolor lightcurves of Phaethon indicate that no rotational spectral variations larger than 0.018 and 0.020 mag in the g-r and r-i colors, possibly related to inhomogeneity of the surface material and/or structure, are seen at the 2021 apparition.
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