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arXiv 2212.08798cs.LG
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在US中利用废水监测进行COVID-19预测:一项深度学习研究

Leveraging Wastewater Monitoring for COVID-19 Forecasting in the US: a Deep Learning study

University of Virginia(弗吉尼亚大学)

Mehrdad Fazli, Heman Shakeri

摘要:

2019年底爆发的COVID-19是一场震惊世界的健康危机的开始,并在随后的几年中夺走了数百万人的生命。许多政府和卫生官员未能阻止感染在其社区的快速传播。潜伏期长,无症状病例比例大,使得COVID-19特别难以追踪。然而,废水监测很快就成为一个有前途的数据来源,除了常规指标,如确诊的每日病例,住院和死亡。尽管对废水病毒载量数据的有效性达成了共识,但缺乏利用病毒载量来改善COVID-19预测的方法。本文提出使用深度学习来自动发现每日确诊病例与病毒载量数据之间的关系。我们训练了一个深度时间卷积网络(DeepTCN)和一个时间融合Transformer(TFT)模型来构建全局预测模型。我们将每日确诊病例与病毒载量和其他社会经济因素作为协变量补充到模型中。我们的研究结果表明,TFT的表现优于DeepTCN,并学习了病毒载量和日常病例之间更好的关联。我们证明了,为模型配备病毒载量可以显着提高其预测性能。此外,病毒载量被证明是第二个最具预测性的输入,其次是遏制和健康指数。我们的研究结果揭示了在提供废水病毒载量数据时训练位置不可知的深度学习模型来捕获感染扩散动态的可行性。

英文摘要:

The outburst of COVID-19 in late 2019 was the start of a health crisis that shook the world and took millions of lives in the ensuing years. Many governments and health officials failed to arrest the rapid circulation of infection in their communities. The long incubation period and the large proportion of asymptomatic cases made COVID-19 particularly elusive to track. However, wastewater monitoring soon became a promising data source in addition to conventional indicators such as confirmed daily cases, hospitalizations, and deaths. Despite the consensus on the effectiveness of wastewater viral load data, there is a lack of methodological approaches that leverage viral load to improve COVID-19 forecasting. This paper proposes using deep learning to automatically discover the relationship between daily confirmed cases and viral load data. We trained one Deep Temporal Convolutional Networks (DeepTCN) and one Temporal Fusion Transformer (TFT) model to build a global forecasting model. We supplement the daily confirmed cases with viral loads and other socio-economic factors as covariates to the models. Our results suggest that TFT outperforms DeepTCN and learns a better association between viral load and daily cases. We demonstrated that equipping the models with the viral load improves their forecasting performance significantly. Moreover, viral load is shown to be the second most predictive input, following the containment and health index. Our results reveal the feasibility of training a location-agnostic deep-learning model to capture the dynamics of infection diffusion when wastewater viral load data is provided.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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