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arXiv 2212.03044cs.LG
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临床笔记在EHR数据多模态学习中的重要性

On the Importance of Clinical Notes in Multi-modal Learning for EHR Data

ETH Zürich(苏黎世联邦理工学院)

Severin Husmann, Hugo Yèche, Gunnar Rätsch, Rita Kuznetsova

摘要:

理解深度学习模型行为对于在医学界接受基于机器学习的决策支持系统至关重要。先前的研究表明,联合使用临床笔记和电子健康记录(EHR)数据可以提高重症监护室(ICU)患者监测的预测性能。在这项工作中,我们探索这些改进的根本原因。虽然依赖于一个基本的基于注意力的模型,以允许可解释性,我们首先确认,性能显着提高了国家的最先进的EHR数据模型时,结合EHR数据和临床笔记。然后,我们提供了一个分析,显示改善几乎完全来自一个子集的笔记包含更广泛的背景下,病人的状态,而不是临床医生的笔记。我们认为,这些发现突出了EHR数据的深度学习模型更多地受到部分描述性数据的限制,而不是建模选择,从而激发了该领域更加以数据为中心的方法。

英文摘要:

Understanding deep learning model behavior is critical to accepting machine learning-based decision support systems in the medical community. Previous research has shown that jointly using clinical notes with electronic health record (EHR) data improved predictive performance for patient monitoring in the intensive care unit (ICU). In this work, we explore the underlying reasons for these improvements. While relying on a basic attention-based model to allow for interpretability, we first confirm that performance significantly improves over state-of-the-art EHR data models when combining EHR data and clinical notes. We then provide an analysis showing improvements arise almost exclusively from a subset of notes containing broader context on patient state rather than clinician notes. We believe such findings highlight deep learning models for EHR data to be more limited by partially-descriptive data than by modeling choice, motivating a more data-centric approach in the field.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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