美国促进负责任人工智能的优先政策
Prioritizing Policies for Furthering Responsible Artificial Intelligence in the United States
摘要：
存在或已经提出了几种政策选择，以进一步推动负责任人工智能（AI）的开发和部署。包括美国政府机构、州、专业协会以及私营和公共部门企业在内的机构都有能力实施这些政策。然而，由于资源有限，并非所有政策都能够或应该得到同等的优先重视。我们定义并审查了九项建议政策，以促进负责任的人工智能，对每项政策的潜在使用和影响进行排名，并建议相对于每种机构类型的优先级。我们发现，部署前的审计和评估以及部署后的问责制可能会产生最大的影响，但也是采用的最高障碍。我们建议美国政府机构和公司高度重视部署前审计和评估的发展，而美国国家立法机构应高度重视部署后问责制。我们建议美国政府机构和专业协会应高度重视支持负责任的人工智能研究的政策，各州应高度重视支持负责任的人工智能教育。我们建议公司可以高度优先考虑让社区利益相关者参与开发工作，并支持人工智能开发的多样性。我们建议各机构对人工智能道德声明和人工智能技术或事件数据库的优先级较低。我们认识到，没有一项政策会导致负责任的人工智能，而是倡导跨机构实施战略政策。
英文摘要：
Several policy options exist, or have been proposed, to further responsible artificial intelligence (AI) development and deployment. Institutions, including U.S. government agencies, states, professional societies, and private and public sector businesses, are well positioned to implement these policies. However, given limited resources, not all policies can or should be equally prioritized. We define and review nine suggested policies for furthering responsible AI, rank each policy on potential use and impact, and recommend prioritization relative to each institution type. We find that pre-deployment audits and assessments and post-deployment accountability are likely to have the highest impact but also the highest barriers to adoption. We recommend that U.S. government agencies and companies highly prioritize development of pre-deployment audits and assessments, while the U.S. national legislature should highly prioritize post-deployment accountability. We suggest that U.S. government agencies and professional societies should highly prioritize policies that support responsible AI research and that states should highly prioritize support of responsible AI education. We propose that companies can highly prioritize involving community stakeholders in development efforts and supporting diversity in AI development. We advise lower levels of prioritization across institutions for AI ethics statements and databases of AI technologies or incidents. We recognize that no one policy will lead to responsible AI and instead advocate for strategic policy implementation across institutions.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
