有界区域中超定椭圆问题的非对称变号解
Nonsymmetric sign-changing solutions to overdetermined elliptic problems in bounded domains
AI总结:
针对Serrin超定椭圆问题的对称性结论,本文通过研究线性化算子并采用局部分支论证,在非球有界区域中构造出变号解,说明正性假设不可或缺。
摘要:
1971年,J. Serrin证明,给定光滑有界区域 $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^N$,且 $u$ 是如下问题的正解:在 $Ω$ 内 $-Δu=f(u)$,在 $\partialΩ$ 上 $u=0$,且在 $\partialΩ$ 上 $\partial_\nu u$ 为常数,则 $Ω$ 必为球,且 $u$ 径向对称。本文证明,$u$ 的正性在该对称性结果中是必要的。事实上,我们在一个不同于球的有界区域 $Ω$ 中,为一个 $C^2$ 函数 $f(u)$ 找到了该问题的变号解。证明采用局部分支论证,其基础是对相关线性化算子的研究。
英文摘要:
In 1971 J. Serrin proved that, given a smooth bounded domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^N$ and $u$ a positive solution of the problem: \begin{equation*} \begin{array}{ll} -Δu = f(u) &\mbox{in $Ω$, } u =0 &\mbox{on $\partialΩ$, } \partial_ν u =\mbox{constant} &\mbox{on $\partialΩ$, } \end{array} \end{equation*} then $Ω$ is necessarily a ball and $u$ is radially symmetric. In this paper we prove that the positivity of $u$ is necessary in that symmetry result. In fact we find a sign-changing solution to that problem for a $C^2$ function $f(u)$ in a bounded domain $Ω$ different from a ball. The proof uses a local bifurcation argument, based on the study of the associated linearized operator.
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