The line widths of broad line regions (BLRs) of AGNs are key parameters for understanding the central super massive black holes (SMBHs). However, due to obscuration from dusty torus, optical recombination lines from BLRs in type II AGNs can not be directly detected. Radio recombination lines (RRLs), with low extinction, can be ideal tracers to probe emission from BLRs in type II AGNs. We performed RRL observations for H35$α$ and H36$α$ toward the center of Circinus galaxy with ALMA. Narrow components of H35$α$ and H36$α$, which are thought to be mainly from star forming regions around the nuclear region, are detected. However, only upper limits are obtained for broad H35$α$ and H36$α$. Since Circinus galaxy is one of the nearest AGN, non-detection of broad RRLs in Circinus galaxy at this band tells us that it is hopeless to detect broad RRL emission in local AGNs with current facilities. Submillimetre RRLs, with flux densities that are dozens of times higher than those at the millimetre level, could be the tools to directly detect BLRs in type II AGNs with ALMA, once its backend frequency coverage has been upgraded to several times better than its current capabilities.
X-ray Constraint on Location of AGN Torus in Circinus Galaxy
活动星系核(AGN)中的模糊“环面”的位置仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。源自环面,特别是Fe K $α$的X射线荧光线的线宽携带关于线发射区域的半径的关键信息。利用XCLUMPY(Tanimoto et al. 2019),一种X射线cluquetorus模型,我们开发了一个来自AGN环面的发射线轮廓的现实模型,其中我们考虑了由于黑洞周围的开普勒运动而导致的线加宽。然后,我们将更新后的模型应用于朱雀,XMM-牛顿,核光谱望远镜阵列(NuSTAR)和钱德拉,包括0.62 MS钱德拉/HETG数据观察到的最佳宽带光谱(3-100千电子伏)的Circinus星系。我们确认,环是康普顿厚(沿赤道面的氢柱密度为$N_\mathrm{H}^\mathrm{Equ}=2.16^{+0.24}_{-0.16}\times 10^{25}\ \mathrm{cm}^{-2}$),几何薄(环角宽度$σ=10.3^{+0.7}_{-0.3}\ \mathrm{degrees}$),观察边缘(倾角$i=78.3^{+0.4}_{-0.9}\ \mathrm{degrees}$),并具有超太阳丰度($1.52^{+0.04}_{-0.06}$倍太阳)。同时分析钱德拉/HETG的第一,第二,第三阶光谱与考虑的空间范围的Fe K $α$线发射区域,我们约束的环的内半径为$1.9^{+3.1}_{-0.8}\time…
Constructing a Hydrogen Line Library for Lyα Emitters at Low Redshifts (z < 0.4): Estimating Dust Extinction and Assessing Paschen line Detectability with SPHEREx
Chungnam National University(忠南国立大学);Kyungpook National University(庆北国立大学)
Carbon and hydrogen radio recombination lines from the cold clouds towards Cassiopeia A
我们使用低频阵列对仙后座A视线方向上的低频33-78 MHz频谱进行系统的高光谱分辨率调查。我们补充说,这与304-386兆赫韦斯特博克综合射电望远镜观测。在这第一篇论文中,我们专注于碳放射性复合线。我们探测到Cn $α$线在-47和-38公里秒$^{-1}$在吸收量子数n=438-584和在发射n=257-278与高信噪比。这些线与英仙座旋臂部分的冷云有关。在n=257-278的发射中检测到Hn条$α$线。此外,我们还探测到了与猎户臂相关的0 km s $^{-1}$处的Cn $α$谱线,并分析了这些跃迁的光学深度和谱线宽度。我们的模型表明,在英仙座臂的碳线组件是最好的拟合与电子温度85 K和电子密度0.04 cm $^{-3}$,可以限制在15\%。电子压力被限制在20%以内。我们认为,这些碳无线电复合线出现在CO-暗的分子云的表面层,其中大部分的碳离子化,但氢已从原子到分子的过渡。氢谱线显然与碳谱线发射云有关,但低频上限表明它们可能不是同一种气体。结合氢和碳的结果,我们得出了宇宙射线电离率的一个确定下限,即2.5 $\times$ 10 $^{-18}$ s $^{-1}$,但实际值可能要大得多。
Star formation traced by optical and millimeter hydrogen recombination lines and free-free emissions in the dusty merging galaxy NGC 3256 -- MUSE/VLT and ALMA synergy
Sensitive Observations of Radio Recombination Lines in Orion and W51: The Data and Detection of Systematic Recombination Line Blueshifts Proportional to Impact Broadening
敏感的光谱观测近6.0和17.6 GHz的两个频段的猎户座和W51。使用频率切换,我们能够实现超过10,000的动态范围,而无需拟合正弦或多项式基线。这使我们能够检测到弱如T $_{A} ~1mK in these strong continuum sources. Hydrogen recombination lines with $ Δn$的谱线,在猎户座中检测到的谱线高达25。在猎户座的数据中,线更强,我们还检测到线中心频率与线宽成比例的系统性偏移,这不能用正常的光学深度效应来解释。
Multiline observations of hydrogen, helium, and carbon radio-recombination lines toward Orion A: A detailed dynamical study and direct determination of physical conditions
Constraints on the properties of warm ionized gas from low-frequency hydrogen radio recombination lines
Green Bank Observatory(格林班克天文台);National Radio Astronomy Observatory(国家射电天文台);Westminster College(威斯敏斯特学院);Florida Space Institute, University of Central Florida(中佛罗里达大学佛罗里达航天研究所);Arecibo Observatory(阿雷西博天文台);Center for Advanced Research in Science and Engineering, University of Puerto Rico(波多黎各大学先进科学与工程研究中心);West Virginia University(西弗吉尼亚大学)
Large-scale Map of Millimeter-wavelength Hydrogen Radio Recombination Lines around a Young Massive Star Cluster
我们报告了第一张大尺度(长度为10 pc)毫米波氢复合线(mm RRL)发射到W 43-Main年轻大质量星团(YMC)周围的巨大H II区域的地图。我们的毫米RRL数据来自IRAM 30米望远镜,并与来自Karl G. Jansky甚大阵列和HCO $^{+}$ 1-0线发射数据来自IRAM 30 m。毫米-RRLs揭示了一个膨胀的风吹电离气体壳层,其电子密度约为70-1500 cm $^{-3}$,由WR/OB团簇驱动,其产生的总Ly $α$光子通量为1.5 x 10 $^{50}$ s $^{-1}$。这个壳层与W 43-Main稠密云中的稠密中性分子气体相互作用。结合高光谱和角分辨率的mm-RRL和cm-RRL立方体,我们推导出电离气体发射的动力学和压力展宽的二维相对分布,并发现RRL线形主要由压力展宽(4-55 km s $^{-1}$)附近的YMC和动力学展宽(8-36 km s $^{-1}$)附近的壳的边缘。电离气体块托管超紧凑的H II区域发现在边缘的壳表明,大规模的电离气体运动触发了新的恒星生成的形成附近的外围的壳。