通过连续冲击穿透粒状介质
Penetrating a granular medium by successive impacts
摘要：
本文研究了垂直圆柱体在连续撞击作用下对干燥颗粒介质的侵彻动力学问题。自由表面$z_N$下方的冲击器深度首先随冲击数$N$线性变化，然后遵循幂律变化$z_N \propto N^{1/3}$。在给定的撞击次数后，观察到圆柱体所达到的深度随着撞击能量的增加而增加，但随着其直径和颗粒介质的密度而减小。我们开发了一个模型，占准静态和惯性颗粒力施加在圆柱体合理化我们的意见。这种方法揭示了大的和小的影响数的两个入侵制度的存在，允许所有数据被重新调整的主曲线。然后，我们将研究扩展到侧壁对冲击器动力学的影响。我们发现，横向限制的影响数$z_N (N)$上的冲击器深度的依赖性的变化。考虑到颗粒阻力随横向约束的增加，这种影响被占。
英文摘要：
We consider the penetration dynamics of a vertical cylinder into a dry granular medium subjected to successive impacts. The depth of the impactor below the free surface $z_N$ first evolves linearly with the impact number $N$ and then follows a power-law evolution $z_N \propto N^{1/3}$. The depth reached by the cylinder after a given number of impacts is observed to increase with the impact energy but to decrease with its diameter and the density of the granular medium. We develop a model that accounts for the quasi-static and inertial granular forces applying on the cylinder to rationalize our observations. This approach reveals the existence of two intrusion regimes for large and small impact numbers, allowing all data to be rescaled on a master curve. Then, we extend the study to the effect of sidewalls on the dynamics of the impactor. We show that lateral confinement changes the dependence of the impactor depth on the impact number $z_N (N)$. This effect is accounted for by considering the increase of the granular drag with the lateral confinement.
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