聚合物喷流揭示了太阳针状物森林的起源和性质
Polymeric jets throw light on the origin and nature of the forest of solar spicules
摘要：
针状体是等离子体喷流，在可见太阳表面和热日冕之间的动态界面区域观察到。据估计，在任何时候，太阳上都有大约300万个针状体。我们发现了一个有趣的平行模拟针状森林在一个类似太阳的大气和众多的射流的聚合物流体时，都受到谐波强迫。在考虑次表层对流的辐射磁流体动力学数值模拟中，太阳全球表面振荡被激发，类似于那些谐波振动。由此产生的喷流与太阳观测中发现的针状森林非常吻合。总之，太阳的数值模拟和实验室流体动力学实验提供了对喷流无处不在的机制的见解：在磁化等离子体的各向异性介质中准周期波的非线性聚焦以及重力下的聚合物流体足以在太阳上产生针状森林。
英文摘要：
Spicules are plasma jets, observed in the dynamic interface region between the visible solar surface and the hot corona. At any given time, it is estimated that about 3 million spicules are present on the Sun. We find an intriguing parallel between the simulated spicular forest in a solar-like atmosphere and the numerous jets of polymeric fluids when both are subjected to harmonic forcing. In a radiative magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulation with sub-surface convection, solar global surface oscillations are excited similarly to those harmonic vibrations. The jets thus produced match remarkably well with the forests of spicules detected in observations of the Sun. Taken together, the numerical simulations of the Sun and the laboratory fluid dynamics experiments provide insights into the mechanism underlying the ubiquity of jets: the nonlinear focusing of quasi-periodic waves in anisotropic media of magnetized plasma as well as polymeric fluids under gravity is sufficient to generate a forest of spicules on the Sun.
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