纳米铱薄膜的非线性偏振全息
Nonlinear polarization holography of nanoscale iridium films
摘要：
外差探测非线性光谱的定相问题指出，激发脉冲和本地振荡器之间的相对时间延迟必须以子周期精度已知，以分离吸收和色散贡献。在这里，提出了这个问题的解决方案，这是全息干涉测量的时域模拟，其中两个全息图的比较揭示了物体尺寸和位置的变化，具有干涉精度（即光波长的分数）。所介绍的方法，称为非线性偏振全息，提供等效的信息作为阿秒非线性偏振光谱，但具有的优势是全光学，而不是使用阿秒条纹相机。本文利用非线性偏振全息术研究了纳米铱薄膜对超短飞秒脉冲的时域非线性响应。使用密度矩阵计算结果表明，与子周期精度的非线性响应的知识允许区分激发和弛豫机制的低能量的电子，依赖于纳米级结构的铱膜。
英文摘要：
The phasing problem of heterodyne-detected nonlinear spectroscopy states that the relative time delay between the exciting pulses and a local oscillator must be known with subcycle precision to separate absorptive and dispersive contributions. Here, a solution to this problem is presented which is the time-domain analogue of holographic interferometry, in which the comparison of two holograms reveals changes of an objects size and position with interferometric precision (i.e. to fractions of a wavelength of light). The introduced method, called nonlinear polarization holography, provides equivalent information as attosecond nonlinear polarization spectroscopy but has the advantage of being all-optical instead of using an attosecond streak camera. Nonlinear polarization holography is used here to retrieve the time-domain nonlinear response of a nanoscale iridium film to an ultrashort femtosecond pulse. Using density matrix calculations it is shown that the knowledge of the nonlinear response with subcycle precision allows to distinguish excitation and relaxation mechanisms of low-energetic electrons that depend on the nanoscale structure of the iridium film.
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