基于金刚石二能级系统光跃迁展宽的超低功耗低温测温
Ultralow-power cryogenic thermometry based on optical-transition broadening of a two-level system in diamond
摘要：
低温是许多先进科学应用和技术的先决条件。然而，在这个范围内和亚微米尺度上精确测定温度是不平凡的。这是由于低温条件下的温度读数可能由于光学感应加热而不准确。在这里，我们提出了一种超低功耗，光学测温技术，在低温下工作。该技术利用了由两能级系统的共振光致发光测量的依赖于温度的线宽展宽，锗空位色心在纳米金刚石主机中。该技术在5 K时的相对灵敏度为20%1/K。这比任何其他全光学纳米测温方法都要高。此外，它实现了这样的灵敏度，同时采用激发功率只有几十个毫瓦，几个数量级低于其他传统的光学测温协议。为了展示该方法的性能，我们证明了它能够准确地读出在定制的微电路的各个目标位置的温度的局部差异。我们的工作是一个明确的一步，在低温下的纳米光学测温的进步。
英文摘要：
Cryogenic temperatures are the prerequisite for many advanced scientific applications and technologies. The accurate determination of temperature in this range and at the submicrometer scale is, however, nontrivial. This is due to the fact that temperature reading in cryogenic conditions can be inaccurate due to optically induced heating. Here, we present an ultralow power, optical thermometry technique that operates at cryogenic temperatures. The technique exploits the temperature dependent linewidth broadening measured by resonant photoluminescence of a two level system, a germanium vacancy color center in a nanodiamond host. The proposed technique achieves a relative sensitivity of 20% 1/K, at 5 K. This is higher than any other all optical nanothermometry method. Additionally, it achieves such sensitivities while employing excitation powers of just a few tens of nanowatts, several orders of magnitude lower than other traditional optical thermometry protocols. To showcase the performance of the method, we demonstrate its ability to accurately read out local differences in temperatures at various target locations of a custom-made microcircuit. Our work is a definite step towards the advancement of nanoscale optical thermometry at cryogenic temperatures.
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