超导体中动态过程建模获得的新结果：作为冷却引擎的相滑中心
Novel results obtained by modeling of dynamic processes in superconductors: phase-slip centers as cooling engines
AI总结：
基于含时Ginzburg-Landau方程和有限元建模，本文证明超导线中的相滑中心能产生正负热流，结合热二极管设计可作为制冷引擎，在无$^3$He条件下于1K冷指实现亚开尔文温度。
摘要：
基于含时 Ginzburg-Landau 方程组和有限元建模，我们提出了与被非超导环境包围的超导线中相滑物理学相关的新结果。这些结果是在我们先前报道的与超导环和超导引力波探测器换能器相关的方法中获得的。结果表明，相滑中心（PSCs）不仅能产生正热流，还能有效产生负热流。通过利用热二极管的适当设计，PSCs可作为制冷引擎。在 $T\sim 1$ K 的低温恒温器冷指上运行时，它们无需使用 $^3$He 即可达到亚开尔文温度。
英文摘要：
Based on a time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau system of equations and finite element modeling, we present novel results related with the physics of phase-slippage in superconducting wires surrounded by a non-superconductive environment. These results are obtained within our previously reported approach related to superconducting rings and superconductive gravitational wave detector transducers. It is shown that the phase-slip centers (PSCs) can be effective in originating not only positive but also negative thermal fluxes. With an appropriate design utilizing thermal diodes, PSCs can serve as cryocooling engines. Operating at $T\sim 1$ K cryostat cold-finger, they can achieve sub-Kelvin temperatures without using $^3$He.
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