标量光束在非平凡时空背景中的传输
Optical scalar beam propagation in nontrivial spacetime backgrounds
摘要：
研究了结构标量光束在二阶对称张量时空背景中的传输。对于这种张量的特殊选择，得到了圆柱坐标系中格林函数的解析表达式。这有利于数值探索在这种非平凡的背景下受光阑限制的高斯光束的传输。与标准真空相比，发现了异常的聚焦特性以及古伊相的减少。在有孔贝塞尔光束的情况下，介质允许克服有限孔径效应，使得相应的衍射长度增加;此外，零阶贝塞尔光束的中心光斑集中了光束能量的增加部分。在存在各向异性介质的情况下，超出电磁场的多种情况可以支持这里报告的结果。它们包括弱引力场中的玻色子场或由洛伦兹对称破缺产生的非平凡时空背景。特别是，我们的研究结果可以说明光学透明的多铁性材料如何提供前所未有的机会来定制结构化光束传播，以及模拟非平凡的时空背景。
英文摘要：
We study the propagation of structured optical scalar beams in a spacetime background parameterized by a second-rank symmetric tensor. An analytic expression for the Green's function in a cylindrical coordinate system is obtained for particular choices of such a tensor. This facilitates the numerical exploration of the propagation of apertured Gaussian beams in this nontrivial background. Unusual focusing properties are found along with a decrease in the Gouy phase compared to that in standard vacuum. In the case of apertured Bessel beams, the medium allows to overcome finite aperture effects so that the corresponding diffraction length is increased; besides, the central spot of a zero order Bessel concentrates an increased fraction of the energy of the beam. Multiple scenarios beyond an electromagnetic field in the presence of an anisotropic medium could support the results reported here. They include a bosonic field in a weak gravitational field or a nontrivial spacetime background arising from Lorentz symmetry breaking. In particular, our results could illustrate how optically transparent multiferroic materials offer unprecedented opportunities to tailor structured beam propagation, as well as to simulate nontrivial spacetime backgrounds.
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