来自生物签名证据标准研讨会的社区报告
Community Report from the Biosignatures Standards of Evidence Workshop
摘要：
寻找地球以外的生命是美国宇航局天体生物学计划的首要目标，它是探索太阳系行星和系外行星环境的任务科学的基础。然而，在我们的太阳系内外探测地外生命具有足够的挑战性，很可能需要跨学科和任务的多种测量和方法来做出令人信服的声明。因此，生命探测不会是一个瞬间的过程，也不太可能是明确的，但这是一项高风险的科学成就，将获得巨大的公众利益。目前和即将进行的旨在探测过去和现存生命的研究工作和任务可以得到一个共识框架的支持，以计划、评估和讨论生命探测声明（参见《生命探测》）。Green等人，2021年）。这种框架有助于提高生物特征检测和解释的可靠性，并改善与科学界和公众的沟通。为了响应这一需求，以及呼吁社区开发生物特征检测证据标准的置信度（Green等人，2021年7月19日至22日举行了社区组织的研讨会。会议以完全虚拟（翻转）的形式设计。在研讨会之前提供了包括阅读材料、教学视频和活动在内的准备材料，使研讨会的时间表能够完全用于积极的社区讨论并促进写作课程。为了最大限度地扩大全球互动，研讨会的讨论部分在亚太、欧洲和美国三个不同时区的工作时间举行，小组组织者之间每天进行信息传递。
英文摘要：
The search for life beyond the Earth is the overarching goal of the NASA Astrobiology Program, and it underpins the science of missions that explore the environments of Solar System planets and exoplanets. However, the detection of extraterrestrial life, in our Solar System and beyond, is sufficiently challenging that it is likely that multiple measurements and approaches, spanning disciplines and missions, will be needed to make a convincing claim. Life detection will therefore not be an instantaneous process, and it is unlikely to be unambiguous-yet it is a high-stakes scientific achievement that will garner an enormous amount of public interest. Current and upcoming research efforts and missions aimed at detecting past and extant life could be supported by a consensus framework to plan for, assess and discuss life detection claims (c.f. Green et al., 2021). Such a framework could help increase the robustness of biosignature detection and interpretation, and improve communication with the scientific community and the public. In response to this need, and the call to the community to develop a confidence scale for standards of evidence for biosignature detection (Green et al., 2021), a community-organized workshop was held on July 19-22, 2021. The meeting was designed in a fully virtual (flipped) format. Preparatory materials including readings, instructional videos and activities were made available prior to the workshop, allowing the workshop schedule to be fully dedicated to active community discussion and prompted writing sessions. To maximize global interaction, the discussion components of the workshop were held during business hours in three different time zones, Asia/Pacific, European and US, with daily information hand-off between group organizers.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
