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arXiv 2210.09282quant-phcond-mat.str-el
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量子比特稳定子码中移动非阿贝尔任意子的图规范理论

Graph gauge theory of mobile non-Abelian anyons in a qubit stabilizer code

Yuri D. Lensky, Kostyantyn Kechedzhi, Igor Aleiner, Eun-Ah Kim

AI总结:

本文将表面码推广到含2、3、4度顶点的一般图,借助双涌现规范场与Kasteleyn定向建立移动非阿贝尔任意子的图规范理论,并给出编织、操控、读出及实验验证协议。

摘要:

稳定子码允许对量子信息进行非局域编码和处理。稳定子表面码的形变引入了新的非平凡几何结构,尤其促使人们长期追寻的、被称为投影 Ising 非阿贝尔任意子的对象涌现出来。此类任意子的编织是拓扑量子计算的关键要素。我们提出一种简单而系统的方法,用于构造关于非阿贝尔任意子的编织、操控、读出,以及制备其纠缠态的有效幺正协议。我们将表面码推广到具有度数为2、3和4的顶点的更一般图上。该方法基于把定义在此类图上的稳定子码映射到一个 Majorana 费米子模型,这些费米子相对于两种涌现规范场带电。其中一种规范场类似于物理磁场;另一种则负责非阿贝尔任意子统计的涌现,并具有纯几何起源。后一种场来自在图上赋予某些定向规则,这些规则在二聚体覆盖统计理论中被称为 Kasteleyn 定向。图上每个3度顶点都携带这种“Kasteleyn”场的通量,并容纳一个非阿贝尔任意子。在我们的方法中,所有与实验相关的算符都由局域性、幺正性和规范不变性唯一确定。我们通过为验证非阿贝尔统计的实验给出具体方案,阐明了该方法的能力。

英文摘要:

Stabilizer codes allow for non-local encoding and processing of quantum information. Deformations of stabilizer surface codes introduce new and non-trivial geometry, in particular leading to emergence of long sought after objects known as projective Ising non-Abelian anyons. Braiding of such anyons is a key ingredient of topological quantum computation. We suggest a simple and systematic approach to construct effective unitary protocols for braiding, manipulation and readout of non-Abelian anyons and preparation of their entangled states. We generalize the surface code to a more generic graph with vertices of degree 2, 3 and 4. Our approach is based on the mapping of the stabilizer code defined on such a graph onto a model of Majorana fermions charged with respect to two emergent gauge fields. One gauge field is akin to the physical magnetic field. The other one is responsible for emergence of the non-Abelian anyonic statistics and has a purely geometric origin. This field arises from assigning certain rules of orientation on the graph known as the Kasteleyn orientation in the statistical theory of dimer coverings. Each 3-degree vertex on the graph carries the flux of this "Kasteleyn" field and hosts a non-Abelian anyon. In our approach all the experimentally relevant operators are unambiguously fixed by locality, unitarity and gauge invariance. We illustrate the power of our method by making specific prescriptions for experiments verifying the non-Abelian statistics.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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